Oligo-Carrageenan Kappa Increases Expression of Genes Encoding Proteins Involved in Photosynthesis, C, N, and S Assimilation, and Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. OC Kappa Induces an Increase in A. thaliana Growth
2.2. Identification of Transcripts Differentially Expressed in Response to OC Kappa
2.3. Classification of Differentially Expressed Transcripts in Response to OC Kappa
2.4. Identification of Transcripts Encoding Proteins Involved in Plant Growth and Development
2.5. Identification of Transcripts Encoding Proteins Involved in Photosynthesis
2.6. Quantification of Chlorophylls and Carotenoids in Plants Treated with OC Kappa
2.7. Identification of Transcripts Encoding Enzymes Involved in C, N, and S Assimilation
2.8. Quantification of Transcripts Encoding Enzymes Involved in C, N, and S Assimilation
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Cultivation and Preparation of OC Kappa
4.2. Treatment with OC Kappa
4.3. Total RNA Extraction, Preparation of cDNA Libraries, and Sequencing
4.4. Annotation and Detection of Differentially Expressed Transcripts
4.5. Quantification of Chlorophylls
4.6. Quantification of Carotenoids
4.7. Quantification of Transcripts of Enzymes Involved in C, N, and S Assimilation by qRT-PCR
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Process | ID | Proteins | Log FC |
---|---|---|---|
Growth | AT5G03120 | MOK16.3 | 1.8 |
AT3G19850 | MPN9.9 BTB/POZ | 2.1 | |
AT3G61750 | Cyt b561 | 1.4 | |
AT4G23820 | PECL | 1.2 | |
AT3G28040 | MMG15.21 | 1.1 | |
AT5G07080 | ACT | 3.2 | |
Cell growth | AT4G03070 | AOP1 | 1.8 |
AT5G24870 | UBQT | 1.3 | |
AT5G65380 | DTX27 | 1.7 | |
Unidimensional cell growth | AT5G44020 | HAD | 1.8 |
AT2G37640 | EXPA3 | 1.6 | |
AT1G69530 | EXPA1 | 2.4 | |
AT3G29030 | EXPA5 | 1.2 | |
AT2G40610 | EXPA8 | 6.5 | |
AT1G75750 | GASA1 | 2.1 | |
AT2G18300 | HBI1 | 2.8 | |
AT1G75780 | TUBB1 | 1.3 | |
Pollen tube growth | AT2G43750 | OASB | 1.6 |
AT5G04950 | NAS1 | 2.4 | |
AT1G09240 | NAS3 | 2.8 | |
AT5G46220 | TOD1 | 4.3 | |
Meristem growth | AT1G27470 | WD-40 | 1.1 |
Cell wall modification | AT1G74670 | GASA6 | 2.9 |
AT1G48100 | PGLR4 | 2.8 | |
developmental growth | AT3G16175 | TES | 3.9 |
AT1G72880 | SurE | 1.2 | |
AT1G04040 | HAD | 2.8 | |
AT3G03820 | SAUR29 | 9.7 | |
AT5G18670 | BAM9 | 2.4 | |
AT5G65890 | ACR1 | 1.8 | |
AT1G58520 | RXW8 | 2.5 | |
AT4G30140 | GDSL | 2.2 | |
AT5G24580 | HIPPO9 | 2.9 | |
AT3G16150 | MSL1.19 | 6.3 | |
AT3G24480 | LRX4 | 1.2 | |
AT3G27020 | YSL6 | 1.4 | |
AT5G48900 | PLY20 | 1.2 | |
AT1G69160 | BIG1E | 2.2 | |
AT3G25717 | DVL6 | 2.4 | |
AT2G32450 | T32F6.3 | 1.1 | |
AT5G54130 | CBEEP | 2.2 | |
AT4G14740 | DL3410C | 1.2 | |
AT2G28470 | BGAL8 | 1.5 | |
AT1G09250 | BHLH149 | 1.3 | |
Regulation of growth | AT1G26945 | PRE6 | 4.2 |
AT5G39860 | PRE1 | 9.2 | |
AT2G17500 | PILS5 | 1.6 | |
AT2G26670 | HO1 | 1.4 | |
AT1G35670 | CPK11 | 1.9 | |
AT5G64770 | GLV2 | 3.3 | |
AT1G72430 | SAUR78 | 2.0 | |
Regulation of cell growth | AT3G51800 | EBP1 | 1.5 |
Regulation of | AT5G15430 | CBD | 6.7 |
developmental growth | AT4G25780 | CAP | 2.0 |
Response to growth | AT1G10370 | GSTU17 | 4.9 |
hormone |
Process | ID | Proteins | Log FC |
---|---|---|---|
PSII | AT1G03600 | Psb27-H1 | 1.5 |
AT4G28660 | Psb28 | 1.7 | |
AT2G20890 | Psb29 | 1.1 | |
ATCG00070 | PsbK | 1.4 | |
AT5G66570 | PsbO1 | 1.6 | |
AT3G50820 | PsbO2 | 2.1 | |
AT1G06680 | PsbP1 | 2.4 | |
AT4G15510 | PsbP1 | 2.1 | |
AT4G21280 | PsbQ1 | 2.9 | |
AT4G05180 | PsbQ2 | 2.5 | |
AT1G79040 | PsbR | 1.8 | |
AT1G44575 | PsbS | 2.1 | |
AT3G21055 | PsbT | 1.9 | |
AT2G30570 | PsbW | 2.2 | |
AT2G06520 | PsbX | 2.2 | |
AT2G06520 | PsbX | 2.2 | |
AT1G67740 | PsbY | 3.2 | |
PSI | AT4G02770 | PsaD1 | 2.5 |
AT1G03130 | PsaD2 | 4.0 | |
AT4G28750 | PsaE-1 | 2.6 | |
AT2G20260 | PsaE-2 | 1.6 | |
AT1G31330 | PsaF | 2.7 | |
AT1G55670 | PsaG | 2.5 | |
AT1G52230 | PsaH | 3.3 | |
AT1G30380 | PsaK | 2.1 | |
AT4G12800 | PsaL | 2.3 | |
AT1G49975 | PsaN | 1.2 | |
AT5G64040 | PsaN | 3.2 | |
AT1G08380 | PsaO | 3.1 | |
AT4G22890 | PGRL1A | 1.4 | |
LHCII | AT1G29920 | LhcB 1.1 | 4.2 |
AT1G29910 | LhcB 1.2 | 3.3 | |
AT1G29930 | LhcB 1.3 | 3.2 | |
AT2G34430 | LhcB 1.5 | 1.2 | |
AT2G34420 | LhcB 1.5 | 2.7 | |
AT2G05100 | LhcB 2.1 | 3.0 | |
AT2G05070 | LhcB 2.2 | 3.7 | |
AT3G27690 | LhcB 2.4 | 3.9 | |
AT5G54270 | LhcB 3 | 1.8 | |
AT5G01530 | LhcB 4.1 | 8.0 | |
AT3G08940 | LhcB 4.2 | 7.7 | |
AT4G10340 | LhcB 5 | 7.3 | |
AT1G15820 | LhcB 6 | 4.4 | |
AT1G76570 | LhcB 7 | 5.3 | |
LHCI | AT3G54890 | LHCA 1 | 7.4 |
AT3G61470 | LHCA 2 | 1.9 | |
AT1G61520 | LHCA 3 | 3.7 | |
AT4G17600 | LIL3.1 | 1.5 | |
AT3G47470 | LHCA 4 | 1.6 | |
AT1G45474 | LHCA 5 | 2.0 | |
AT1G19150 | LHCA 6 | 1.7 | |
Electron transport chain | AT1G15980 | PnsB1 | 1.6 |
AT1G76100 | PETE | 1.4 | |
AT5G08720 | PPP1 | 1.9 | |
Chlorophyll synthesis | AT1G74470 | CHLP | 2.5 |
AT3G56940 | CRD1 | 3.4 | |
AT4G14690 | ELIP2 | 7.1 | |
Biosynthesis, repair and | AT1G16720 | Hcf173 | 2.2 |
reassembly of PSII | AT4G35250 | Hcf244 | 2.3 |
AT1G75690 | Lqy1 | 2.2 | |
AT5G02120 | OHP1 | 2.5 | |
ATP synthase | AT4G00895 | ATP synthase subunit delta, ATPaseF1 | 1.2 |
AT4G09650 | ATP synthase subunit delta, ATPaseF1 | 2.9 |
Process | ID | Proteins | Log FC |
---|---|---|---|
Calvin–Benson cycle | AT1G10960 | FD1 | 3.0 |
AT4G14890 | FDC1 | 1.8 | |
AT5G66190 | FNR1 | 1.2 | |
AT4G38970 | FBA2 | 2.0 | |
AT2G21330 | FBA1 | 2.6 | |
AT1G12900 | G3PDHA2 | 2.5 | |
AT1G42970 | G3PDHB | 1.1 | |
AT3G26650 | G3PDHA1 | 1.4 | |
AT4G22890 | PGRL1A | 1.4 | |
AT2G01290 | R5PI2 | 2.5 | |
AT3G04790 | R5PI3 | 2.0 | |
AT1G67090 | RBCS-1A | 1.5 | |
AT5G38430 | RBCS-1B | 2.5 | |
AT5G38410 | RBCS-3B | 2.7 | |
AT5G38420 | RBCS-2B | 2.7 | |
AT2G39730 | RBCA | 3.0 | |
AT3G04550 | RAF1.2 | 1.3 | |
AT5G19855 | RBCX2 | 1.4 | |
AT3G02730 | TRXF1 | 1.2 | |
AT1G03680 | TRXM1 | 1.5 | |
AT3G06730 | ClTRX | 1.6 | |
AT1G76080 | CDSP32 | 1.7 | |
AT5G16400 | TRXF2 | 2.2 | |
AT5G17630 | XPT | 1.6 | |
AT5G46110 | TPT | 1.9 | |
AT3G01550 | PPT2 | 4.1 | |
Nitrogen assimilation | AT5G56860 | GATA21 | 1.1 |
AT1G66200 | GLN1-2 | 1.8 | |
AT5G35630 | GLN2 | 1.6 | |
AT1G52190 | NPF1.2 | 1.3 | |
AT2G26690 | NPF6.2 | 2.8 | |
AT1G12110 | NPF6.3 | 2.5 | |
AT3G21670 | NPF6.4 | 5.9 | |
AT2G15620 | NIR1 | 1.4 | |
Sulfur uptake | AT1G62180 | APR2 | 2.9 |
AT4G21990 | APR3 | 1.8 | |
AT5G67520 | APK4 | 3.4 | |
AT2G43750 | OASB | 1.6 | |
AT5G28030 | DES1 | 1.9 | |
AT5G28020 | CYSD2 | 3.2 | |
AT2G25680 | SULTR2 | 2.5 | |
AT3G51895 | SULTR3 | 1.7 | |
AT1G61740 | TAUE2 | 1.0 | |
AT2G36630 | TAUE2 | 2.6 |
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Méndez, T.; Fuentes, A.; Cofre, D.; Moenne, A.; Laporte, D. Oligo-Carrageenan Kappa Increases Expression of Genes Encoding Proteins Involved in Photosynthesis, C, N, and S Assimilation, and Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 11894. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241511894
Méndez T, Fuentes A, Cofre D, Moenne A, Laporte D. Oligo-Carrageenan Kappa Increases Expression of Genes Encoding Proteins Involved in Photosynthesis, C, N, and S Assimilation, and Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(15):11894. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241511894
Chicago/Turabian StyleMéndez, Tamara, Alejandra Fuentes, Diego Cofre, Alejandra Moenne, and Daniel Laporte. 2023. "Oligo-Carrageenan Kappa Increases Expression of Genes Encoding Proteins Involved in Photosynthesis, C, N, and S Assimilation, and Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 15: 11894. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241511894