Inhibition of Urban Particulate Matter-Induced Airway Inflammation by RIPK3 through the Regulation of Tight Junction Protein Production
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. UPM Did Not Affect the Translocation from the Nucleus to the Cytoplasm in BEAS-2B Bronchial Epithelial Cells
2.2. RIPK3 Overproduction Downregulates the UPM-Induced Gene Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Tight Junction Proteins
2.3. Overexpression of RIPK3 Regulates UPM-Induced TEER and F-Actin Production in Cells
2.4. Overexpression of RIPK3 Decreases UPM-Induced ROS Production by Inhibiting Production of eNOS and iNOS
2.5. RIPK3 Overexpression Upregulates UPM-Induced Mitochondrial Membrane Integrity by Regulating Mitochondrial Fission
2.6. Overexpression of RIPK3 Diminishes UPM-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production by Inhibiting ikB Activation
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials and Cell Culture
4.2. Real-Time qRT-PCR
4.3. Immunocytochemistry
4.4. Trans-Epithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER)
4.5. F-Actin Staining
4.6. Western Blot Analysis
4.7. ROS Measurement
4.8. Analyses and Measurements of Mitochondrial Morphology
4.9. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Sequence |
---|---|
GAPDH | F: CCACATGGCCTCCAAGGAGTAAGAC |
R: AGGAGGGGAGATTCAGTGTGGTGGG | |
IL-6 | F: AGACAGCCACTCACCTCTTCAG |
R: TTCTGCCAGTGCCTCTTTGCTG | |
IL-8 | F: GAGAGTGATTGAGAGTGGACCAC |
R: CACAACCCTCTGCACCCAGTTT | |
RIPK3 | F: GCTACGATGTGGCGGTCAAGA |
R: TTGGCCCAGTTCACCTCTCG | |
ZO-1 | F: GTCCAGAATCTCGGAAAAGTGCC |
R: CTTTCAGCGCACCATACCAACC | |
ZO-2 | F: ATTAGTGCGGGAGGATGCCGTT |
R: TCTGCCACAAGCCAGGATGTCT | |
ZO-3 | F: GCTTCCTCAAGGGCAAGAGCAT |
R: CGTGTCAGGTTCTGGAATGGCA | |
E-cadherin | F: GTCTGTAGGAAGGCACAGCC |
R: TGCAACGTCGTTACGAGTCA | |
Claudin | F: CAGCTGTTGGGCTTCATTCT |
R: ATCACTCCCAGGAGGATGCC | |
MLKL | F: TCACACTTGGCAAGCGCATGGT |
R: GTAGCCTTGAGTTACCAGGAAGT |
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Park, S.-H.; Lee, H.-C.; Jeong, H.M.; Lee, J.-S.; Cha, H.-J.; Kim, C.H.; Kim, J.; Song, K.S. Inhibition of Urban Particulate Matter-Induced Airway Inflammation by RIPK3 through the Regulation of Tight Junction Protein Production. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 13320. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713320
Park S-H, Lee H-C, Jeong HM, Lee J-S, Cha H-J, Kim CH, Kim J, Song KS. Inhibition of Urban Particulate Matter-Induced Airway Inflammation by RIPK3 through the Regulation of Tight Junction Protein Production. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(17):13320. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713320
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Sun-Hee, Hyun-Chae Lee, Hye Min Jeong, Jeong-Sang Lee, Hee-Jae Cha, Cheol Hong Kim, Jeongtae Kim, and Kyoung Seob Song. 2023. "Inhibition of Urban Particulate Matter-Induced Airway Inflammation by RIPK3 through the Regulation of Tight Junction Protein Production" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 17: 13320. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713320