Dapagliflozin Treatment Augments Bioactive Phosphatidylethanolamine Concentrations in Kidney Cortex Membrane Fractions of Hypertensive Diabetic db/db Mice and Alters the Density of Lipid Rafts in Mouse Proximal Tubule Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Dapagliflozin Treatment Alters Membrane Lipid Composition in the Kidneys of Salt-Loaded Hypertensive Diabetic db/db Mice
2.2. Decrease in TAGs in Kidney Cortex Membrane Fractions of db/db Mice Treated with Dapagliflozin
2.3. Increase in LPCs in Kidney Cortex Membrane Fractions of db/db Mice Treated with Dapagliflozin
2.4. Dapagliflozin Treatment Decreases EV Release and Excretion into the Urine of db/db Mice during the Inactive Phase
2.5. Dapagliflozin Treatment Disrupts Lipid Rafts in Mouse Proximal Tubule Cells
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Animal Diet
4.3. Metabolic Cage Studies and Administration of Vehicle or Dapagliflozin
4.4. Tissue Lysate Preparation
4.5. Lipid Extraction from Kidney Cortex Membrane Fractions
4.6. Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry
4.7. Urinary Extracellular Vesicle Isolation
4.8. Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
4.9. Urinary Albumin Measurements
4.10. Western Blot Analysis
4.11. Culture of Mouse Proximal Tubule Cells and Lipid Raft Isolation
4.12. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gholam, M.F.; Liu, L.P.; Searcy, L.A.; Denslow, N.D.; Alli, A.A. Dapagliflozin Treatment Augments Bioactive Phosphatidylethanolamine Concentrations in Kidney Cortex Membrane Fractions of Hypertensive Diabetic db/db Mice and Alters the Density of Lipid Rafts in Mouse Proximal Tubule Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 1408. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021408
Gholam MF, Liu LP, Searcy LA, Denslow ND, Alli AA. Dapagliflozin Treatment Augments Bioactive Phosphatidylethanolamine Concentrations in Kidney Cortex Membrane Fractions of Hypertensive Diabetic db/db Mice and Alters the Density of Lipid Rafts in Mouse Proximal Tubule Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(2):1408. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021408
Chicago/Turabian StyleGholam, Mohammed F., Lauren P. Liu, Louis A. Searcy, Nancy D. Denslow, and Abdel A. Alli. 2023. "Dapagliflozin Treatment Augments Bioactive Phosphatidylethanolamine Concentrations in Kidney Cortex Membrane Fractions of Hypertensive Diabetic db/db Mice and Alters the Density of Lipid Rafts in Mouse Proximal Tubule Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 2: 1408. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021408