Natural Inhibitors of Mammalian α-Amylases as Promising Drugs for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases

Kalinovskii, Aleksandr P.; Sintsova, Oksana V.; Gladkikh, Irina N.; Leychenko, Elena V.

doi:10.3390/ijms242216514

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Natural Inhibitors of Mammalian α-Amylases as Promising Drugs for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases

¹

Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia

²

G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(22), 16514; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216514

Submission received: 6 October 2023 / Revised: 7 November 2023 / Accepted: 13 November 2023 / Published: 20 November 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Type 2 Diabetes and Its Complications)

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Abstract

α-Amylase is a generally acknowledged molecular target of a distinct class of antidiabetic drugs named α-glucosidase inhibitors. This class of medications is scarce and rather underutilized, and treatment with current commercial drugs is accompanied by unpleasant adverse effects. However, mammalian α-amylase inhibitors are abundant in nature and form an extensive pool of high-affinity ligands that are available for drug discovery. Individual compounds and natural extracts and preparations are promising therapeutic agents for conditions associated with impaired starch metabolism, e.g., diabetes mellitus, obesity, and other metabolic disorders. This review focuses on the structural diversity and action mechanisms of active natural products with inhibitory activity toward mammalian α-amylases, and emphasizes proteinaceous inhibitors as more effective compounds with significant potential for clinical use.

Keywords: mammalian α-amylases; type 2 diabetes mellitus; obesity; metabolic disorders; α-amylase inhibitors; structural diversity; therapeutic applications

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kalinovskii, A.P.; Sintsova, O.V.; Gladkikh, I.N.; Leychenko, E.V. Natural Inhibitors of Mammalian α-Amylases as Promising Drugs for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 16514. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216514

AMA Style

Kalinovskii AP, Sintsova OV, Gladkikh IN, Leychenko EV. Natural Inhibitors of Mammalian α-Amylases as Promising Drugs for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(22):16514. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216514

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kalinovskii, Aleksandr P., Oksana V. Sintsova, Irina N. Gladkikh, and Elena V. Leychenko. 2023. "Natural Inhibitors of Mammalian α-Amylases as Promising Drugs for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 22: 16514. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216514

APA Style

Kalinovskii, A. P., Sintsova, O. V., Gladkikh, I. N., & Leychenko, E. V. (2023). Natural Inhibitors of Mammalian α-Amylases as Promising Drugs for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(22), 16514. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216514

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Natural Inhibitors of Mammalian α-Amylases as Promising Drugs for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases

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