Modifications of Blood Molecular Components after Treatment with Low Ozone Concentrations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Haemogas Analysis
2.2. Haemolysis
2.3. Total Antioxidant Capacity
2.4. Interleukins
2.5. Metabolomics
3. Discussion
3.1. The Impact on Blood Oxygenation and Haemolysis
3.2. The Increase in Blood Antioxidant Capacity
3.3. The Unchanged Levels of IL-2 and IL-6
3.4. The Modifications of Amino Acid, Carbohydrate, Lipid and Nucleotide Metabolites
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Blood Ozonation
4.2. Haemogas Analysis
4.3. Haemolysis Assay
4.4. Total Antioxidant Capacity Assay
4.5. Light Microscopy Analysis
4.6. Interleukin Assessment
4.7. Metabolomics
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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5 μg O3 | 10 μg O3 | 5 μg O3 and 10 μg O3 |
---|---|---|
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-Icosa-8,11,14-trienoate (↓) | 1-Deoxypentitol (↓) | 2-Butenedioic acid (↑) |
Aceturic acid (↑) | 2,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid (↑) | 5-Hydroxytryptophan (↑) |
D-Glucose (↓) | 2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid (↑) | 9(E),11(E)-Conjugated linoleic acid, trimethylsilyl ester (↑) |
Erythrono-1,4-lactone (↑) | 3-Octenoic acid (↑) | Adenine (↓) |
4-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid (↓) | Arabinofuranose, 1,2,3,5-tetrakis-O- (↓) | |
9H-Purin-6-ol (↓) | Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, methyl ester (↓) | |
9-Octadecen-1-ol (↓) | L-Glutamic acid, bis(trimethylsilyl) ester (↑) | |
Arachidic acid (↓) | Malic acid (↑) | |
Behenic acid (↓) | Niacinamide (↓) | |
Butanoic acid, 2,4-bis[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-, trimethylsilyl ester (↑) | Ornithine (↑) | |
Campesterol (↓) | Pentanedioic acid (↓) | |
Decanoic acid (↑) | Picolinic acid (↑) | |
Glucuronolactone, trisO-(trimethylsilyl)- (↓) | Pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (↑) | |
Glyceric acid (↑) | Stearic Acid (↓) | |
3-Indoleacetic acid (↑) | Tartaric acid (↓) | |
Indole-3-lactic acid (↑) | ||
Lanopalmitic acid (↓) | ||
L-Proline (↑) | ||
L-Threonine (↑) | ||
L-Tyrosine (↓) | ||
N-Acetyl-L-alanine (↑) | ||
N-Isobutyrylglycine (↑) | ||
Oleic acid (↑) | ||
Pentanoic acid (↑) | ||
Pimelic acid (↑) | ||
S-Carboxymethyl-L-cysteine (↑) | ||
Uridine (↓) |
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Inguscio, C.R.; Cisterna, B.; Carton, F.; Barberis, E.; Manfredi, M.; Malatesta, M. Modifications of Blood Molecular Components after Treatment with Low Ozone Concentrations. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 17175. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417175
Inguscio CR, Cisterna B, Carton F, Barberis E, Manfredi M, Malatesta M. Modifications of Blood Molecular Components after Treatment with Low Ozone Concentrations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(24):17175. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417175
Chicago/Turabian StyleInguscio, Chiara Rita, Barbara Cisterna, Flavia Carton, Elettra Barberis, Marcello Manfredi, and Manuela Malatesta. 2023. "Modifications of Blood Molecular Components after Treatment with Low Ozone Concentrations" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 24: 17175. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417175