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Review

NGF and Its Role in Immunoendocrine Communication during Metabolic Syndrome

by
Jazmín Samario-Román
1,
Carlos Larqué
2,
Pablo Pánico
1,
Rosa Isela Ortiz-Huidobro
1,
Myrian Velasco
1,
Rene Escalona
2 and
Marcia Hiriart
1,*
1
Neuroscience Division, Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
2
Department of Embryology and Genetics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 1957; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24031957
Submission received: 25 November 2022 / Revised: 18 December 2022 / Accepted: 19 December 2022 / Published: 19 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurotrophins: Roles and Function in Human Diseases)
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Abstract

Nerve growth factor (NGF) was the first neurotrophin described. This neurotrophin contributes to organogenesis by promoting sensory innervation and angiogenesis in the endocrine and immune systems. Neuronal and non-neuronal cells produce and secrete NGF, and several cell types throughout the body express the high-affinity neurotrophin receptor TrkA and the low-affinity receptor p75NTR. NGF is essential for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and the complete development of pancreatic islets. Plus, this factor is involved in regulating lipolysis and thermogenesis in adipose tissue. Immune cells produce and respond to NGF, modulating their inflammatory phenotype and the secretion of cytokines, contributing to insulin resistance and metabolic homeostasis. This neurotrophin regulates the synthesis of gonadal steroid hormones, which ultimately participate in the metabolic homeostasis of other tissues. Therefore, we propose that this neurotrophin’s imbalance in concentrations and signaling during metabolic syndrome contribute to its pathophysiology. In the present work, we describe the multiple roles of NGF in immunoendocrine organs that are important in metabolic homeostasis and related to the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome.
Keywords: metabolism; metabolic homeostasis; metabolic diseases; neurotrophin; pancreatic beta cell; adipocytes; sex steroid hormones; TrkA; p75NTR metabolism; metabolic homeostasis; metabolic diseases; neurotrophin; pancreatic beta cell; adipocytes; sex steroid hormones; TrkA; p75NTR

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MDPI and ACS Style

Samario-Román, J.; Larqué, C.; Pánico, P.; Ortiz-Huidobro, R.I.; Velasco, M.; Escalona, R.; Hiriart, M. NGF and Its Role in Immunoendocrine Communication during Metabolic Syndrome. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 1957. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24031957

AMA Style

Samario-Román J, Larqué C, Pánico P, Ortiz-Huidobro RI, Velasco M, Escalona R, Hiriart M. NGF and Its Role in Immunoendocrine Communication during Metabolic Syndrome. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(3):1957. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24031957

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samario-Román, Jazmín, Carlos Larqué, Pablo Pánico, Rosa Isela Ortiz-Huidobro, Myrian Velasco, Rene Escalona, and Marcia Hiriart. 2023. "NGF and Its Role in Immunoendocrine Communication during Metabolic Syndrome" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3: 1957. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24031957

APA Style

Samario-Román, J., Larqué, C., Pánico, P., Ortiz-Huidobro, R. I., Velasco, M., Escalona, R., & Hiriart, M. (2023). NGF and Its Role in Immunoendocrine Communication during Metabolic Syndrome. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(3), 1957. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24031957

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