Bipartite Genomes in Enterobacterales: Independent Origins of Chromids, Elevated Openness and Donors of Horizontally Transferred Genes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonas Belong to the Same Bacterial Order
2.2. Separate Origin of Chromids in Vibrionaceae and Pseudoalteromonas
2.3. The Chromids in Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio Play a Significant Role in the Openness of the Two Genomes
2.4. Bipartite Genomes Are More Open Compared to Monopartite Genomes
2.5. Codon Usage Is Specific for Each Pangene Category Rather Than for Each Replicon Type
2.6. Shewanella Represents the Top Donor of HTGs to Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonas
3. Discussion
4. Material and methods
4.1. Enterobacterales Reference Tree
4.2. ParAB phylogenetic tree
4.3. Genome Retrieval and Gene Annotation
4.4. Pangenome Calculation
4.5. Calculation of Codon Usage
4.6. Prediction of Horizontally Transferred Genes
4.7. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sonnenberg, C.B.; Haugen, P. Bipartite Genomes in Enterobacterales: Independent Origins of Chromids, Elevated Openness and Donors of Horizontally Transferred Genes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 4292. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054292
Sonnenberg CB, Haugen P. Bipartite Genomes in Enterobacterales: Independent Origins of Chromids, Elevated Openness and Donors of Horizontally Transferred Genes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(5):4292. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054292
Chicago/Turabian StyleSonnenberg, Cecilie Bækkedal, and Peik Haugen. 2023. "Bipartite Genomes in Enterobacterales: Independent Origins of Chromids, Elevated Openness and Donors of Horizontally Transferred Genes" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 5: 4292. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054292