Inhibitory Effects of 3-Methylcholanthrene Exposure on Porcine Oocyte Maturation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. 3-MC Exposure Inhibited Porcine Oocyte Meiotic Maturation and Early Embryonic Development
2.2. 3-MC Exposure Disrupted the Spindle Assembly and Chromosome Alignment in Oocytes
2.3. 3-MC Exposure Inhibited the Acetylation of α-Tubulin in Oocytes
2.4. 3-MC Exposure Disrupted the Polymerization of Actin Filaments in Oocytes
2.5. 3-MC Exposure Disrupted the Distribution of Mitochondria and Cortical Granules in Oocytes
2.6. 3-MC Exposure Increased the Levels of DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Oocytes
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Experimental Design
4.2. Preparation of 3-MC
4.3. Oocyte In Vitro Maturation
4.4. Parthenogenetic Activation and Embryo Culture
4.5. Real-Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)
4.6. Immunofluorescence (IF) Staining
4.7. Determination of Mitochondrial Distribution
4.8. DCFH-DA Staining
4.9. Annexin-V Staining
4.10. Calculation of Expansion Area of Cumulus Cells
4.11. Statistical Analysis of Data
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institution Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zhang, M.; Wang, X.; Liu, Q.; Yan, Y.; Xu, C.; Zhu, Z.; Wu, S.; Zuo, X.; Zong, Y.; Li, C.; et al. Inhibitory Effects of 3-Methylcholanthrene Exposure on Porcine Oocyte Maturation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 5567. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065567
Zhang M, Wang X, Liu Q, Yan Y, Xu C, Zhu Z, Wu S, Zuo X, Zong Y, Li C, et al. Inhibitory Effects of 3-Methylcholanthrene Exposure on Porcine Oocyte Maturation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(6):5567. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065567
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Mengya, Xin Wang, Qiuchen Liu, Yelian Yan, Changzhi Xu, Zhihua Zhu, Sucheng Wu, Xiaoyu Zuo, Yanfeng Zong, Chunxiao Li, and et al. 2023. "Inhibitory Effects of 3-Methylcholanthrene Exposure on Porcine Oocyte Maturation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 6: 5567. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065567