A Kaleidoscope of Keratin Gene Expression and the Mosaic of Its Regulatory Mechanisms

Kalabusheva, Ekaterina P.; Shtompel, Anastasia S.; Rippa, Alexandra L.; Ulianov, Sergey V.; Razin, Sergey V.; Vorotelyak, Ekaterina A.

doi:10.3390/ijms24065603

Open AccessReview

A Kaleidoscope of Keratin Gene Expression and the Mosaic of Its Regulatory Mechanisms

by

Ekaterina P. Kalabusheva

^1,*

,

Anastasia S. Shtompel

^2,3,

Alexandra L. Rippa

¹

,

Sergey V. Ulianov

^2,3,

Sergey V. Razin

^2,3

and

Ekaterina A. Vorotelyak

¹

Cell Biology Laboratory, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia

²

Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia

³

Laboratory of Structural-Functional Organization of Chromosomes, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(6), 5603; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065603

Submission received: 31 January 2023 / Revised: 7 March 2023 / Accepted: 10 March 2023 / Published: 15 March 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Epigenetics)

Download

Browse Figures

Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Keratins are a family of intermediate filament-forming proteins highly specific to epithelial cells. A combination of expressed keratin genes is a defining property of the epithelium belonging to a certain type, organ/tissue, cell differentiation potential, and at normal or pathological conditions. In a variety of processes such as differentiation and maturation, as well as during acute or chronic injury and malignant transformation, keratin expression undergoes switching: an initial keratin profile changes accordingly to changed cell functions and location within a tissue as well as other parameters of cellular phenotype and physiology. Tight control of keratin expression implies the presence of complex regulatory landscapes within the keratin gene loci. Here, we highlight patterns of keratin expression in different biological conditions and summarize disparate data on mechanisms controlling keratin expression at the level of genomic regulatory elements, transcription factors (TFs), and chromatin spatial structure.

Keywords: keratin genes; epithelium; enhancer; transcription regulation; chromatin spatial organization

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Kalabusheva, E.P.; Shtompel, A.S.; Rippa, A.L.; Ulianov, S.V.; Razin, S.V.; Vorotelyak, E.A. A Kaleidoscope of Keratin Gene Expression and the Mosaic of Its Regulatory Mechanisms. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 5603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065603

AMA Style

Kalabusheva EP, Shtompel AS, Rippa AL, Ulianov SV, Razin SV, Vorotelyak EA. A Kaleidoscope of Keratin Gene Expression and the Mosaic of Its Regulatory Mechanisms. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(6):5603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065603

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kalabusheva, Ekaterina P., Anastasia S. Shtompel, Alexandra L. Rippa, Sergey V. Ulianov, Sergey V. Razin, and Ekaterina A. Vorotelyak. 2023. "A Kaleidoscope of Keratin Gene Expression and the Mosaic of Its Regulatory Mechanisms" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 6: 5603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065603

APA Style

Kalabusheva, E. P., Shtompel, A. S., Rippa, A. L., Ulianov, S. V., Razin, S. V., & Vorotelyak, E. A. (2023). A Kaleidoscope of Keratin Gene Expression and the Mosaic of Its Regulatory Mechanisms. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(6), 5603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065603

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Menu

A Kaleidoscope of Keratin Gene Expression and the Mosaic of Its Regulatory Mechanisms

Abstract

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI