Butein Inhibits Cell Growth by Blocking the IL-6/IL-6Rα Interaction in Human Ovarian Cancer and by Regulation of the IL-6/STAT3/FoxO3a Pathway
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Identification of Compounds 1–14 from Butea monosperma Flowers
2.2. Characterization of Butein and Anti-IL-6 Activity In Vitro
2.3. Butein Suppresses the Cell Viability, Migration, and Invasion of Ovarian Cancer Cells
2.4. Butein Induced Ovarian Cancer Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Apoptosis
2.5. Butein Inhibited STAT3 Phosphorylation and Induced Intranuclear Accumulation of FoxO3a through Inhibition of IL-6 Signaling
2.6. Butein Increased Protein Expression of FoxO3a and p27kip1 through Inactivation of STAT3
2.7. Butein Exerts an Antitumor Effect In Vivo on Ovarian Cancer Cells
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. General Experimental Procedures
4.2. Plant Material
4.3. Extraction and Isolation
4.4. IL-6 Inhibitory Bioassay with HEK-Blue™ IL-6 Cells
4.5. Surface Plasmon Resonance Assay
4.6. Analysis of Cell Viability by the MTT Assay
4.7. Clonogenic Formation Assay
4.8. Wound-Healing Assay
4.9. Matrigel Invasion Assay
4.10. Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cell Cycle and Apoptosis
4.11. Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) Transfection
4.12. Western Blotting
4.13. Mouse Xenografts
4.14. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Staining in Mouse Tumor Tissues
4.15. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
4.16. Data Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Park, S.-A.; Seo, Y.J.; Kim, L.K.; Kim, H.J.; Yoon, K.D.; Heo, T.-H. Butein Inhibits Cell Growth by Blocking the IL-6/IL-6Rα Interaction in Human Ovarian Cancer and by Regulation of the IL-6/STAT3/FoxO3a Pathway. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 6038. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076038
Park S-A, Seo YJ, Kim LK, Kim HJ, Yoon KD, Heo T-H. Butein Inhibits Cell Growth by Blocking the IL-6/IL-6Rα Interaction in Human Ovarian Cancer and by Regulation of the IL-6/STAT3/FoxO3a Pathway. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(7):6038. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076038
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Sun-Ae, Young Ju Seo, Lee Kyung Kim, Hee Jung Kim, Kee Dong Yoon, and Tae-Hwe Heo. 2023. "Butein Inhibits Cell Growth by Blocking the IL-6/IL-6Rα Interaction in Human Ovarian Cancer and by Regulation of the IL-6/STAT3/FoxO3a Pathway" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 7: 6038. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076038