Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity
2.2. α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity
2.3. Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging Activity
2.4. Determination of the Maximum Non-Toxic Dose (MNDT)
2.5. Determination of the Optimal Concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide and Caspase 3 Expression
3. Discussion
3.1. Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity
3.2. α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity
3.3. Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging Activity
3.4. Determination of the Maximum Non-Toxic Dose (MNDT)
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Reagents
4.2. Cholinesterase Inhibition
4.3. α-Amylase Inhibition
4.4. Enzyme Activity
4.5. Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging Assay
4.6. Cell Cultures
4.7. Determination of the Maximum Non-Toxic Dose (MNTD)
4.8. Determination of the Optimal Concentration of H2O2
4.9. Determination of Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene
4.10. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound | IC50 a (μg/mL) | ||
---|---|---|---|
AChE | BChE | α-Amylase | |
Carvacrol | 3.8 ± 1.3 **,#### | 32.7 ± 5.5 #### | 171.2 ± 10.8 |
p-Cymene | 15.2 ± 3.6 **** | 1456.0 ± 56.9 **** | 215.2 ± 12.6 |
Galantamine | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 4.5 ± 1.2 | - |
Acarbose | - | - | 34.5 ± 6.4 |
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Caputo, L.; Amato, G.; De Martino, L.; De Feo, V.; Nazzaro, F. Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 6073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076073
Caputo L, Amato G, De Martino L, De Feo V, Nazzaro F. Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(7):6073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076073
Chicago/Turabian StyleCaputo, Lucia, Giuseppe Amato, Laura De Martino, Vincenzo De Feo, and Filomena Nazzaro. 2023. "Anti-Cholinesterase and Anti-α-Amylase Activities and Neuroprotective Effects of Carvacrol and p-Cymene and Their Effects on Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 7: 6073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076073