Involvement in Tumorigenesis and Clinical Significance of CXCL1 in Reproductive Cancers: Breast Cancer, Cervical Cancer, Endometrial Cancer, Ovarian Cancer and Prostate Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Breast Cancer
- Luminal A (ER+PR+HER2−);
- Luminal B (ER+HER2− + PR− or Ki-67high);
- Luminal HER2-positive (HER2+ + ER+ or PR+);
- Non-luminal HER2-positive (ER−PR−HER2+);
- Triple-negative breast cancer (ER−PR−HER2−).
3. Cervical Cancer
4. Endometrial Cancer
5. Ovarian Cancer
6. Prostate Cancer
7. ACKR1 in Reproductive Cancers
8. Anticancer Drugs Targeting CXCL1
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type of Cancer | Expression Testing Method | Impact on Survival at High CXCL1 Expression | Number of Patients in the Study | Notes | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breast cancer: ERα-positive breast cancer | qRT-PCR | Worse prognosis | 48 | RFS | [29] |
Breast cancer: ERα-positive breast cancer | Microarray Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | Better prognosis | 2061 | RFS Analysis based on the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | [31] |
Breast cancer | IHC | Worse prognosis | 655 | OS, nuclear CXCL1 expression, at cytoplasmic CXCL1 expression there was only a trend (p = 0.08) | [100] |
Breast cancer | Microarray UALCAN/TCGA database | Better prognosis | 1066 | OS, Analysis based on UALCAN | [32] |
Breast cancer | Microarray | Worse prognosis | 121 | OS | [34] |
Breast cancer | Microarray Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | Better prognosis | 3951/RFS 1402/OS | OS, RFS analysis based on the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | [30] |
Breast cancer | Microarray Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | No significant impact on prognosis | 1402 | OS, trend of worse prognosis at high CXCL1 (p = 0.064), based on the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | [31] |
Breast cancer | ELISA | Worse prognosis | 61 | OS, PFS circulating level of CXCL1 | [38] |
Breast cancer: basal breast cancer | Microarray Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | Worse prognosis | 54 | OS, based on the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | [52] |
Breast cancer | Microarray Finak microarray database | Worse prognosis | 53 | RFS stromal CXCL1 expression based on Finak microarray database | [37] |
Type of Cancer | Expression Testing Method | Impact on Survival at High CXCL1 Expression | Number of Patients in the Study | Notes | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cervical cancer | Microarray GEPIA/TCGA database | Worse prognosis | 292 | OS based on the GEPIA database | [103,110] |
Cervical cancer | IHC | Worse prognosis | 150 | DFS, trend of worse OS (p = 0.118). | [108] |
Cervical cancer | IHC | Worse prognosis | 40 | OS | [104] |
Type of Cancer | Expression Testing Method | Impact on Survival at High CXCL1 Expression | Number of Patients in the Study | Notes | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cervical cancer: uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma | Microarray GEPIA/TCGA database | No significant impact on prognosis | 172 | OS, DFS based on the GEPIA database | [110] |
Type of Cancer | Expression Testing Method | Impact on Survival at High CXCL1 Expression | Number of Patients in the Study | Notes | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ovarian cancer | Microarray GEPIA/TCGA database | No significant impact on prognosis | 212 | OS, based on the GEPIA database | [110,121] |
Ovarian cancer | ELISA | Worse prognosis | 26 | OS, serum level of CXCL1 | [124] |
Ovarian cancer | Microarray Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | Better prognosis | 1656 | OS, PFS based on the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database | [120] |
Type of Cancer | Expression Testing Method | Impact on Survival at High CXCL1 Expression | Number of Patients in the Study | Notes | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prostate cancer | IHC | Worse prognosis | 248 | DFS, trend of worse OS | [177] |
Prostate cancer | IHC | Worse prognosis | 118 | RFS | [154] |
Prostate adenocarcinoma | Microarray GEPIA/TCGA database | Better prognosis | 492 | DFS, statistically insignificant difference in OS | [110] |
Type of Cancer | Investigated Compound/Therapeutic Approach | ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier | Phase | The Aim of the Study | The Estimated Completion Date of the Clinical Trial |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metastatic melanoma stage III and IV | SX-682 (CXCR1/CXCR2 inhibitor) | NCT03161431 | Phase 1 | Safety analysis of SX-682 alone and in combination with pembrolizumab | December 2023 |
Multiple myeloma | MGTA-145 (CXCR2 agonist) | NCT04552743 | Phase 2 | Efficacy analysis of MGTA-145 with plerixafor in mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells | 30 June 2022 |
Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | SX-682 (CXCR1/CXCR2 inhibitor) | NCT04477343 | Phase 1 | Safety analysis of SX-682 in combination with nivolumab | 31 December 2024 |
Metastatic melanoma, stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma | CXCR2-transduced autologous T cells | NCT01740557 | Phase 1 and 2 | Safety and clinical response analysis. | 31 January 2024 |
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Korbecki, J.; Bosiacki, M.; Barczak, K.; Łagocka, R.; Brodowska, A.; Chlubek, D.; Baranowska-Bosiacka, I. Involvement in Tumorigenesis and Clinical Significance of CXCL1 in Reproductive Cancers: Breast Cancer, Cervical Cancer, Endometrial Cancer, Ovarian Cancer and Prostate Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 7262. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087262
Korbecki J, Bosiacki M, Barczak K, Łagocka R, Brodowska A, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Involvement in Tumorigenesis and Clinical Significance of CXCL1 in Reproductive Cancers: Breast Cancer, Cervical Cancer, Endometrial Cancer, Ovarian Cancer and Prostate Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(8):7262. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087262
Chicago/Turabian StyleKorbecki, Jan, Mateusz Bosiacki, Katarzyna Barczak, Ryta Łagocka, Agnieszka Brodowska, Dariusz Chlubek, and Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka. 2023. "Involvement in Tumorigenesis and Clinical Significance of CXCL1 in Reproductive Cancers: Breast Cancer, Cervical Cancer, Endometrial Cancer, Ovarian Cancer and Prostate Cancer" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8: 7262. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087262