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Volume 25
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10.3390/ijms25115873
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Review

Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health

by
Maria Felicia Faienza
1,
Silvia Giardinelli
2,
Alessia Annicchiarico
3,
Mariangela Chiarito
1,
Barbara Barile
3,
Filomena Corbo
4 and
Giacomina Brunetti
3,*
1
Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
2
Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatrics, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
3
Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
4
Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 5873; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115873
Submission received: 3 April 2024 / Revised: 16 May 2024 / Accepted: 24 May 2024 / Published: 28 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)
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Abstract

Bone health is the result of a tightly regulated balance between bone modeling and bone remodeling, and alterations of these processes have been observed in several diseases both in adult and pediatric populations. The imbalance in bone remodeling can ultimately lead to osteoporosis, which is most often associated with aging, but contributing factors can already act during the developmental age, when over a third of bone mass is accumulated. The maintenance of an adequate bone mass is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as physical activity and diet, and particularly by an adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D. In addition, it has been claimed that the integration of specific nutraceuticals such as resveratrol, anthocyanins, isoflavones, lycopene, curcumin, lutein, and β-carotene and the intake of bioactive compounds from the diet such as honey, tea, dried plums, blueberry, and olive oil can be efficient strategies for bone loss prevention. Nutraceuticals and functional foods are largely used to provide medical or health benefits, but there is an urge to determine which products have adequate clinical evidence and a strong safety profile. The aim of this review is to explore the scientific and clinical evidence of the positive role of nutraceuticals and functional food in bone health, focusing both on molecular mechanisms and on real-world studies.
Keywords: nutraceuticals; functional foods; bone health; osteoporosis; polyphenols; carotenoids; polyunsaturated fatty acids; honey; tea; dried plums; blueberry; olive oil nutraceuticals; functional foods; bone health; osteoporosis; polyphenols; carotenoids; polyunsaturated fatty acids; honey; tea; dried plums; blueberry; olive oil

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MDPI and ACS Style

Faienza, M.F.; Giardinelli, S.; Annicchiarico, A.; Chiarito, M.; Barile, B.; Corbo, F.; Brunetti, G. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 5873. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115873

AMA Style

Faienza MF, Giardinelli S, Annicchiarico A, Chiarito M, Barile B, Corbo F, Brunetti G. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(11):5873. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115873

Chicago/Turabian Style

Faienza, Maria Felicia, Silvia Giardinelli, Alessia Annicchiarico, Mariangela Chiarito, Barbara Barile, Filomena Corbo, and Giacomina Brunetti. 2024. "Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 11: 5873. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115873

APA Style

Faienza, M. F., Giardinelli, S., Annicchiarico, A., Chiarito, M., Barile, B., Corbo, F., & Brunetti, G. (2024). Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(11), 5873. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115873

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