The Role of the JAK–STAT Pathway in Childhood B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Background
2.1. JAK–STAT Signaling Pathway Components and Their Primary Functions
2.2. The Regulation of the JAK–STAT Signaling Pathway
2.2.1. Signaling Activation via Cytokines
2.2.2. Negative Regulation of the JAK–STAT Pathway
3. Selected Genes Associated with Disorders of the JAK/STAT Pathway
3.1. IL-7 and IL-7R
3.2. TLSP and CRLF2
3.2.1. Enhancement of CRLF2 Function
3.2.2. Clinical Significance of CRLF2 Mutations
3.3. JAK1 and JAK2
Clinical Significance of JAK2 Mutations
3.4. BCR::ABL1 Fusion
3.5. ETV6::RUNX Fusion
3.6. KMT2A
3.7. PAX5::JAK2
4. JAK/STAT Inhibitors as Therapeutic Targets
4.1. Ruxolitinib
4.2. Fedratinib
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cytokine | JAKs | STATs | Functions | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
IL-7 | JAK1, JAK3 | STAT1, STAT3, STAT5a, STAT5b | B-cell progenitor growth, differentiation, survival, and proliferation | [9,15,20,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36] |
IL-9 | JAK1, JAK3 | STAT1, STAT3, STAT5a, STAT5b | Development and stimulation of B-cells | |
IL-21 | JAK1, JAK3 | STAT3, STAT5a, STAT5b | Maturation and development of B-cells; production of memory B-cells from naive precursors | |
IL-5 | JAK1, JAK2 | STAT1, STAT3, STAT5a, STAT5b | B-cell growth, differentiation, and survival | |
TLSP | JAK1, JAK2 | STAT1, STAT3, STAT5a, STAT5b | B-cell proliferation and stimulation |
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Ziętara, K.J.; Wróblewska, K.; Zajączkowska, M.; Taczała, J.; Lejman, M. The Role of the JAK–STAT Pathway in Childhood B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 6844. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136844
Ziętara KJ, Wróblewska K, Zajączkowska M, Taczała J, Lejman M. The Role of the JAK–STAT Pathway in Childhood B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(13):6844. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136844
Chicago/Turabian StyleZiętara, Karolina Joanna, Kinga Wróblewska, Monika Zajączkowska, Joanna Taczała, and Monika Lejman. 2024. "The Role of the JAK–STAT Pathway in Childhood B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 13: 6844. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136844