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Review

Introducing the Role of Genotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuropsychiatric Disorders

by
Glen E. Kisby
1,*,
David M. Wilson III
2 and
Peter S. Spencer
3,*
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of Pacific Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA
2
Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, and Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Sciences University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, USA
3
Biomedical Research Institute, BIOMED, Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7221; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137221
Submission received: 24 May 2024 / Revised: 21 June 2024 / Accepted: 27 June 2024 / Published: 29 June 2024

Abstract

Decades of research have identified genetic and environmental factors involved in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and, to a lesser extent, neuropsychiatric disorders. Genomic instability, i.e., the loss of genome integrity, is a common feature among both neurodegenerative (mayo-trophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease) and psychiatric (schizophrenia, autism, bipolar depression) disorders. Genomic instability is associated with the accumulation of persistent DNA damage and the activation of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, as well as pathologic neuronal cell loss or senescence. Typically, DDR signaling ensures that genomic and proteomic homeostasis are maintained in both dividing cells, including neural progenitors, and post-mitotic neurons. However, dysregulation of these protective responses, in part due to aging or environmental insults, contributes to the progressive development of neurodegenerative and/or psychiatric disorders. In this Special Issue, we introduce and highlight the overlap between neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders, as well as the emerging clinical, genomic, and molecular evidence for the contributions of DNA damage and aberrant DNA repair. Our goal is to illuminate the importance of this subject to uncover possible treatment and prevention strategies for relevant devastating brain diseases.
Keywords: genomic instability; genomic stress; DNA damage response (DDR); DNA repair; environment genomic instability; genomic stress; DNA damage response (DDR); DNA repair; environment

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Kisby, G.E.; III, D.M.W.; Spencer, P.S. Introducing the Role of Genotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 7221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137221

AMA Style

Kisby GE, III DMW, Spencer PS. Introducing the Role of Genotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(13):7221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137221

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kisby, Glen E., David M. Wilson III, and Peter S. Spencer. 2024. "Introducing the Role of Genotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuropsychiatric Disorders" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 13: 7221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137221

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