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Review

The Impact of Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on the Development of Gastric Cancers

1
Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
2
Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1 Nodayama, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori 981-1293, Miyagi, Japan
3
Division of Carcinogenesis and Senescence Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Natori 981-1293, Miyagi, Japan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(14), 7854; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147854
Submission received: 21 June 2024 / Revised: 9 July 2024 / Accepted: 12 July 2024 / Published: 18 July 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism of Gastric Cancer)

Abstract

Chronic infection of Helicobacter pylori is considered the principal cause of gastric cancers, but evidence has accumulated regarding the impact of tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption on the development of gastric cancers. Several possible mechanisms, including the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, have been proposed for smoking-induced gastric carcinogenesis. On the other hand, local acetaldehyde exposure and ethanol-induced mucosal inflammation have been proposed as the mechanisms involved in the development of gastric cancers in heavy alcohol drinkers. In addition, genetic polymorphisms are also considered to play a pivotal role in smoking-related and alcohol-related gastric carcinogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of gastric cancers in relation to tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption.
Keywords: gastric cancer; gastric intestinal metaplasia; tobacco smoking; alcohol drinking; alcohol consumption; polymorphism; carcinogenesis gastric cancer; gastric intestinal metaplasia; tobacco smoking; alcohol drinking; alcohol consumption; polymorphism; carcinogenesis

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Hatta, W.; Koike, T.; Asano, N.; Hatayama, Y.; Ogata, Y.; Saito, M.; Jin, X.; Uno, K.; Imatani, A.; Masamune, A. The Impact of Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on the Development of Gastric Cancers. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 7854. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147854

AMA Style

Hatta W, Koike T, Asano N, Hatayama Y, Ogata Y, Saito M, Jin X, Uno K, Imatani A, Masamune A. The Impact of Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on the Development of Gastric Cancers. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(14):7854. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147854

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hatta, Waku, Tomoyuki Koike, Naoki Asano, Yutaka Hatayama, Yohei Ogata, Masahiro Saito, Xiaoyi Jin, Kaname Uno, Akira Imatani, and Atsushi Masamune. 2024. "The Impact of Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on the Development of Gastric Cancers" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 14: 7854. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147854

APA Style

Hatta, W., Koike, T., Asano, N., Hatayama, Y., Ogata, Y., Saito, M., Jin, X., Uno, K., Imatani, A., & Masamune, A. (2024). The Impact of Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on the Development of Gastric Cancers. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(14), 7854. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147854

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