Exploring the Roles of the Swi2/Snf2 Gene Family in Maize Abiotic Stress Responses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Identification of the Maize Snf2 Gene Family
2.2. Analysis of Physicochemical Properties of Maize Snf2-Family Proteins
2.3. Chromosomal Distribution of Maize Snf2 Genes
2.4. Gene Structure and Protein Domain Analysis of the Maize Snf2 Gene Family Members
2.5. Collinearity Analysis of the Maize Snf2 Gene Family
2.6. Analysis of Cis-Regulatory Elements in the Promoters of Maize Snf2 Genes
2.7. Expression Analysis of Maize Snf2 Genes in Various Tissues
2.8. Expression Analysis of Maize Snf2 Genes under Various Stress Conditions
2.9. Analysis of Maize Snf2 Gene Expression under Drought Stress and qPCR Validation
3. Discussion
3.1. Functional Domains and Evolutionary Dynamics of the Maize Snf2 Gene Family
3.2. Function and Diversity: The Role of the Maize Snf2 Gene Family in Chromatin Remodeling
3.3. Differential Expression Patterns of Maize Snf2 Gene in Various Organs
3.4. Role of the Maize Snf2 Gene Family in Response to Abiotic Stress
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Identification and Physicochemical Property Prediction of the Maize Snf2 Gene
4.2. Chromosomal Localization of the Maize Snf2 Gene
4.3. Phylogenetic, Gene Structure, and Conserved Motif Analysis of the Maize Snf2 Gene
4.4. Collinearity Analysis and Gene Duplication of the Maize Snf2 Gene
4.5. Analysis of Cis-Acting Elements in the Promoter Regions of the Maize Snf2 Gene
4.6. Expression Analysis of the Snf2 Gene Family in Maize
4.7. Plant Material and Stress Treatment Procedures
4.8. RNA Extraction and Quantitative Real-Time PCR Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene Name | Sequence ID | Length (aa) | MW (kDa) | pI | Instability Index | Aliphatic Index | GRAVY | Predicted Location(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZmCHR1 | Zm00001eb017000_T001 | 1398 | 159.89 | 8.11 | 48.88 | 83.53 | −0.529 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR2 | Zm00001eb046650_T001 | 1481 | 168.18 | 5.46 | 51.9 | 76.91 | −0.674 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR3 | Zm00001eb055640_T002 | 837 | 94.16 | 5.46 | 45.07 | 92.19 | −0.417 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR4 | Zm00001eb073870_T001 | 973 | 109.04 | 6.12 | 52.05 | 81.01 | −0.525 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR5 | Zm00001eb076670_T001 | 1048 | 116.95 | 5.85 | 42.11 | 83.11 | −0.533 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR6 | Zm00001eb108690_T001 | 1129 | 128.88 | 6.78 | 52.49 | 80.88 | −0.629 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR7 | Zm00001eb117870_T001 | 779 | 88.40 | 6.21 | 44.7 | 90.8 | −0.461 | Cytoplasmic |
ZmCHR8 | Zm00001eb127010_T001 | 1198 | 133.40 | 7.64 | 48.2 | 79.47 | −0.609 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR9 | Zm00001eb131790_T002 | 1114 | 128.43 | 5.22 | 49.03 | 72.56 | −0.851 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR10 | Zm00001eb171780_T003 | 1033 | 114.16 | 7.75 | 47.19 | 80.92 | −0.455 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR11 | Zm00001eb173050_T002 | 952 | 106.75 | 6.61 | 40.88 | 86.13 | −0.418 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR12 | Zm00001eb176980_T001 | 1193 | 132.33 | 8.52 | 48.01 | 87.04 | −0.248 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR13 | Zm00001eb181350_T001 | 411 | 46.27 | 8.56 | 64.6 | 89.93 | −0.185 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR14 | Zm00001eb186260_T001 | 1360 | 151.36 | 6.43 | 51.85 | 74.21 | −0.675 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR15 | Zm00001eb187690_T003 | 2018 | 231.23 | 5.38 | 50.32 | 77.33 | −0.654 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR16 | Zm00001eb220010_T002 | 879 | 99.64 | 8.65 | 48.91 | 81.95 | −0.501 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR17 | Zm00001eb229760_T001 | 2208 | 246.56 | 8.85 | 56.41 | 66.3 | −0.815 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR18 | Zm00001eb251100_T003 | 1975 | 226.47 | 5.29 | 52.17 | 76.95 | −0.653 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR19 | Zm00001eb255780_T002 | 968 | 107.38 | 6.42 | 49.17 | 81.27 | −0.46 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR20 | Zm00001eb280740_T001 | 3828 | 414.73 | 5.07 | 52.19 | 71.07 | −0.647 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR21 | Zm00001eb297280_T001 | 2036 | 225.90 | 5.87 | 44.01 | 97.49 | −0.188 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR22 | Zm00001eb322510_T001 | 850 | 95.87 | 8.63 | 51.51 | 76.42 | −0.48 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR23 | Zm00001eb326710_T001 | 1202 | 135.36 | 8.39 | 50.3 | 88.78 | −0.38 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR24 | Zm00001eb328680_T001 | 717 | 78.84 | 9.66 | 50.48 | 94.3 | −0.153 | Mitochondrial |
ZmCHR25 | Zm00001eb329060_T003 | 854 | 95.16 | 8.68 | 41.69 | 90.91 | −0.265 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR26 | Zm00001eb330720_T003 | 1709 | 193.32 | 6.68 | 48.47 | 84.96 | −0.375 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR27 | Zm00001eb331510_T001 | 1214 | 137.93 | 8.05 | 43.49 | 82.06 | −0.404 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR28 | Zm00001eb341650_T002 | 1102 | 127.34 | 5.25 | 48.09 | 72.99 | −0.853 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR29 | Zm00001eb369880_T003 | 1239 | 138.32 | 5.15 | 52.28 | 72.32 | −0.513 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR30 | Zm00001eb379660_T002 | 2254 | 249.35 | 6.04 | 53.3 | 84.63 | −0.444 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR31 | Zm00001eb394610_T002 | 1380 | 157.94 | 8.79 | 46.64 | 82.78 | −0.553 | Cytoplasmic |
ZmCHR32 | Zm00001eb404510_T002 | 904 | 101.65 | 6.55 | 46.13 | 94.21 | −0.214 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR33 | Zm00001eb416780_T001 | 950 | 106.54 | 6.61 | 43.06 | 84.57 | −0.442 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR34 | Zm00001eb417900_T002 | 1110 | 126.98 | 6.04 | 52.86 | 81.82 | −0.624 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR35 | Zm00001eb431470_T001 | 979 | 109.84 | 6.29 | 51.09 | 78.77 | −0.464 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR1 | Zm00001eb017000_T001 | 1398 | 159.89 | 8.11 | 48.88 | 83.53 | −0.529 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR2 | Zm00001eb046650_T001 | 1481 | 168.18 | 5.46 | 51.9 | 76.91 | −0.674 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR3 | Zm00001eb055640_T002 | 837 | 94.16 | 5.46 | 45.07 | 92.19 | −0.417 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR4 | Zm00001eb073870_T001 | 973 | 109.04 | 6.12 | 52.05 | 81.01 | −0.525 | Nuclear |
ZmCHR5 | Zm00001eb076670_T001 | 1048 | 116.95 | 5.85 | 42.11 | 83.11 | −0.533 | Nuclear |
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Han, J.; Wang, Q.; Qian, B.; Liu, Q.; Wang, Z.; Liu, Y.; Chen, Z.; Wu, W.; Zhang, C.; Yin, Y. Exploring the Roles of the Swi2/Snf2 Gene Family in Maize Abiotic Stress Responses. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9686. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179686
Han J, Wang Q, Qian B, Liu Q, Wang Z, Liu Y, Chen Z, Wu W, Zhang C, Yin Y. Exploring the Roles of the Swi2/Snf2 Gene Family in Maize Abiotic Stress Responses. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(17):9686. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179686
Chicago/Turabian StyleHan, Jiarui, Qi Wang, Buxuan Qian, Qing Liu, Ziyu Wang, Yang Liu, Ziqi Chen, Weilin Wu, Chuang Zhang, and Yuejia Yin. 2024. "Exploring the Roles of the Swi2/Snf2 Gene Family in Maize Abiotic Stress Responses" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 17: 9686. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179686