The Postbiotic Butyrate Mitigates Gut Mucosal Disruption Caused by Acute Ethanol Exposure
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Tributyrin Supplementation Mitigated Acute Antibiotic- and Ethanol-Induced Gut Microbial Disturbances
2.2. Tributyrin Supplementation Protected Small Intestinal Epithelial Integrity
2.3. Tributyrin Supplementation Attenuates Small Intestinal Microvascular Endothelium Activation
2.4. Tributyrin Supplementation during Acute Antibiotic and Ethanol Exposure Maintained a Tolerogenic Response in Lamina Propria Dendritic Cells
2.5. Sodium Butyrate Attenuated the Direct Effects of Ethanol and LPS on HIMEC Activation
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Reagents
4.2. Mouse Models
4.3. Ethanol Exposure and Tributyrin Supplementation
4.4. Fecal Plating
4.5. Fecal qRT-PCR
4.6. Tissue qRT-PCR
4.7. Endotoxin Assay
4.8. Lamina Propria Immune Cell Isolation and Activation
4.9. Flow Cytometry
4.10. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
4.11. Human Intestinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HIMECs) Culturing
4.12. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Siddiqui, M.T.; Han, Y.; Shapiro, D.; West, G.; Fiocchi, C.; Cresci, G.A.M. The Postbiotic Butyrate Mitigates Gut Mucosal Disruption Caused by Acute Ethanol Exposure. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 1665. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031665
Siddiqui MT, Han Y, Shapiro D, West G, Fiocchi C, Cresci GAM. The Postbiotic Butyrate Mitigates Gut Mucosal Disruption Caused by Acute Ethanol Exposure. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(3):1665. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031665
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiddiqui, Mohamed Tausif, Yingchun Han, David Shapiro, Gail West, Claudio Fiocchi, and Gail A. M. Cresci. 2024. "The Postbiotic Butyrate Mitigates Gut Mucosal Disruption Caused by Acute Ethanol Exposure" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 3: 1665. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031665