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Review

Antioxidant Potential of Lactoferrin and Its Protective Effect on Health: An Overview

by
Quintín Rascón-Cruz
,
Tania Samanta Siqueiros-Cendón
,
Luis Ignacio Siañez-Estrada
,
Celina María Villaseñor-Rivera
,
Lidia Esmeralda Ángel-Lerma
,
Joel Arturo Olivas-Espino
,
Dyada Blanca León-Flores
,
Edward Alexander Espinoza-Sánchez
,
Sigifredo Arévalo-Gallegos
and
Blanca Flor Iglesias-Figueroa
*
Laboratorio de Biotecnología I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitarios s/n Nuevo Campus Universitario, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(1), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010125
Submission received: 5 December 2024 / Revised: 23 December 2024 / Accepted: 24 December 2024 / Published: 26 December 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Lactoferrin)
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Abstract

Chronic diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, are significant global health challenges. Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defenses, is a critical factor in the progression of these pathologies. Lactoferrin (Lf), a multifunctional iron-binding glycoprotein, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent due to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and iron-regulating properties. Lf plays a pivotal role in iron homeostasis by chelating iron, modulating its cellular uptake, and reducing ROS production, thereby mitigating oxidative stress-related tissue damage. Lf also demonstrates neuroprotective potential in diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, where it alleviates oxidative damage, regulates iron metabolism, and enhances antioxidant defenses. Furthermore, its ability to enhance endogenous antioxidant mechanisms, such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, underscores its systemic protective effects. Lf’s anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities also contribute to its broad-spectrum protective role in chronic diseases. This review consolidates evidence of Lf’s mechanisms in mitigating oxidative stress and highlights its therapeutic potential as a versatile molecule for preventing and managing chronic conditions linked to oxidative damage.
Keywords: lactoferrin; antioxidant; neuroprotector effect lactoferrin; antioxidant; neuroprotector effect

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MDPI and ACS Style

Rascón-Cruz, Q.; Siqueiros-Cendón, T.S.; Siañez-Estrada, L.I.; Villaseñor-Rivera, C.M.; Ángel-Lerma, L.E.; Olivas-Espino, J.A.; León-Flores, D.B.; Espinoza-Sánchez, E.A.; Arévalo-Gallegos, S.; Iglesias-Figueroa, B.F. Antioxidant Potential of Lactoferrin and Its Protective Effect on Health: An Overview. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010125

AMA Style

Rascón-Cruz Q, Siqueiros-Cendón TS, Siañez-Estrada LI, Villaseñor-Rivera CM, Ángel-Lerma LE, Olivas-Espino JA, León-Flores DB, Espinoza-Sánchez EA, Arévalo-Gallegos S, Iglesias-Figueroa BF. Antioxidant Potential of Lactoferrin and Its Protective Effect on Health: An Overview. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(1):125. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010125

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rascón-Cruz, Quintín, Tania Samanta Siqueiros-Cendón, Luis Ignacio Siañez-Estrada, Celina María Villaseñor-Rivera, Lidia Esmeralda Ángel-Lerma, Joel Arturo Olivas-Espino, Dyada Blanca León-Flores, Edward Alexander Espinoza-Sánchez, Sigifredo Arévalo-Gallegos, and Blanca Flor Iglesias-Figueroa. 2025. "Antioxidant Potential of Lactoferrin and Its Protective Effect on Health: An Overview" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 1: 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010125

APA Style

Rascón-Cruz, Q., Siqueiros-Cendón, T. S., Siañez-Estrada, L. I., Villaseñor-Rivera, C. M., Ángel-Lerma, L. E., Olivas-Espino, J. A., León-Flores, D. B., Espinoza-Sánchez, E. A., Arévalo-Gallegos, S., & Iglesias-Figueroa, B. F. (2025). Antioxidant Potential of Lactoferrin and Its Protective Effect on Health: An Overview. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(1), 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010125

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