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Volume 26
Issue 13
10.3390/ijms26136122
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Diagnostic Value of Protein C Depletion in Pathologies Associated with the Activation of the Blood Coagulation System

by
Daria S. Korolova
1,*,
Tetyana M. Platonova
1,
Olga V. Gornytska
1,
Volodymyr Chernyshenko
1,
Olexandr Korchynskyi
2,3,*,† and
Serhiy V. Komisarenko
2,†
1
Protein Structure and Functions Department, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine, 01054 Kyiv, Ukraine
2
Molecular Immunology Department, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine, 01054 Kyiv, Ukraine
3
Laboratory of Experimental Biology and Biochemistry & General Chemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(13), 6122; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136122
Submission received: 4 May 2025 / Revised: 15 June 2025 / Accepted: 22 June 2025 / Published: 25 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Protein C (PC) is the main anticoagulant protein of the hemostasis system. It can inhibit the blood clotting cascade before the formation of a thrombus, while its concentration can decrease significantly during strong activation of blood clotting. The PC concentration was found to decrease during systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (with a median of 75%) and depended heavily on the inflammation index. It was also associated with the accumulation of soluble fibrin monomeric (SFMCs) (with a median of 7 µg/mL). A low PC level was detected during severe ischemic heart disease (IHD) (with medians of 60 and 63%, respectively). These pathologies also were associated with clotting activation. During abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), the PC level in blood plasma before surgery was found to range from 40% to 119%. A decrease in the PC level in the blood plasma of patients with AAA before surgery, lower than 78%, was associated with high blood loss (more than 1.5 L). A decrease in the PC level can lead to an imbalance between coagulation and anticoagulation. Thus, during the treatment of complex pathologies associated with the activation of coagulation, specific attention should be paid not only to classic markers of thrombus formation but also to the state of the anticoagulant link.
Keywords: protein C; blood coagulation system; thrombosis; clinical diagnostics; chronic inflammatory diseases protein C; blood coagulation system; thrombosis; clinical diagnostics; chronic inflammatory diseases

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Korolova, D.S.; Platonova, T.M.; Gornytska, O.V.; Chernyshenko, V.; Korchynskyi, O.; Komisarenko, S.V. Diagnostic Value of Protein C Depletion in Pathologies Associated with the Activation of the Blood Coagulation System. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 6122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136122

AMA Style

Korolova DS, Platonova TM, Gornytska OV, Chernyshenko V, Korchynskyi O, Komisarenko SV. Diagnostic Value of Protein C Depletion in Pathologies Associated with the Activation of the Blood Coagulation System. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(13):6122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136122

Chicago/Turabian Style

Korolova, Daria S., Tetyana M. Platonova, Olga V. Gornytska, Volodymyr Chernyshenko, Olexandr Korchynskyi, and Serhiy V. Komisarenko. 2025. "Diagnostic Value of Protein C Depletion in Pathologies Associated with the Activation of the Blood Coagulation System" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 13: 6122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136122

APA Style

Korolova, D. S., Platonova, T. M., Gornytska, O. V., Chernyshenko, V., Korchynskyi, O., & Komisarenko, S. V. (2025). Diagnostic Value of Protein C Depletion in Pathologies Associated with the Activation of the Blood Coagulation System. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(13), 6122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136122

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