Next Article in Journal
Novel Derivatives of 3-Amino-4-hydroxy-benzenesulfonamide: Synthesis, Binding to Carbonic Anhydrases, and Activity in Cancer Cell 2D and 3D Cultures
Previous Article in Journal
Nanomedicine Strategies in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer
Previous Article in Special Issue
Diabetes-Driven Atherosclerosis: Updated Mechanistic Insights and Novel Therapeutic Strategies
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
IJMS
Volume 26
Issue 13
10.3390/ijms26136467
ijms-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

Dysfunction of Microcirculation in Atherosclerosis: Implications of Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation

by
Marta Aleksandrowicz
1,
Marek Konop
2,
Mateusz Rybka
2,
Łukasz Mazurek
2,
Monika Stradczuk-Mazurek
2,
Mateusz Kciuk
3,
Bożena Bądzyńska
4,
Leszek Dobrowolski
4 and
Marta Kuczeriszka
4,*
1
Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 A. Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
2
Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 3C Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
3
Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
4
Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 A. Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(13), 6467; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136467 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 29 May 2025 / Revised: 27 June 2025 / Accepted: 30 June 2025 / Published: 4 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atherosclerosis: From Molecular Mechanisms, Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches (3rd Edition))
Browse Figure
Versions Notes

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death worldwide, and most of them are connected with atherosclerosis (AS). Hypertension (HT), hyperlipidemia (HPL), and hyperglycaemia (HG) are the main risk factors responsible for CVD and have become a significant public health issue. AS might be a prime causative factor in CVD, and it originates from endothelial cell dysfunction. On the other hand, the factors mentioned above might cause endothelial cell damage as a consequence of endothelial dysfunction (ED) or might be regarded as a consequence of ED. Thus, endothelial cells are critical for maintaining vascular health and homeostasis, and their function is a key contributor to the initiation and progression of AS. The autoregulation of microcirculation, which is functionally present in the brain and kidneys, and from the physiological and pathophysiological point of view, is of high importance to preserve the proper function of the endothelium of blood vessels. The key factor responsible for cardiovascular system regulation and proper action is nitric oxide (NO). Disturbances in NO synthesis and/or bioavailability, caused by oxidative stress and/or inflammation, accompany or even precede diseases such as HT, angiogenesis-associated disorders, HPL, and HG, which are on the pathway of AS development. In the present review, we attempted to synthesize recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology of multifactorial-related AS.
Keywords: atherosclerosis; endothelial dysfunction; inflammation; microcirculation; oxidative stress; hypercholesterolemia; hyperglycaemia atherosclerosis; endothelial dysfunction; inflammation; microcirculation; oxidative stress; hypercholesterolemia; hyperglycaemia
Graphical Abstract

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Aleksandrowicz, M.; Konop, M.; Rybka, M.; Mazurek, Ł.; Stradczuk-Mazurek, M.; Kciuk, M.; Bądzyńska, B.; Dobrowolski, L.; Kuczeriszka, M. Dysfunction of Microcirculation in Atherosclerosis: Implications of Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 6467. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136467

AMA Style

Aleksandrowicz M, Konop M, Rybka M, Mazurek Ł, Stradczuk-Mazurek M, Kciuk M, Bądzyńska B, Dobrowolski L, Kuczeriszka M. Dysfunction of Microcirculation in Atherosclerosis: Implications of Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(13):6467. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136467

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksandrowicz, Marta, Marek Konop, Mateusz Rybka, Łukasz Mazurek, Monika Stradczuk-Mazurek, Mateusz Kciuk, Bożena Bądzyńska, Leszek Dobrowolski, and Marta Kuczeriszka. 2025. "Dysfunction of Microcirculation in Atherosclerosis: Implications of Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 13: 6467. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136467

APA Style

Aleksandrowicz, M., Konop, M., Rybka, M., Mazurek, Ł., Stradczuk-Mazurek, M., Kciuk, M., Bądzyńska, B., Dobrowolski, L., & Kuczeriszka, M. (2025). Dysfunction of Microcirculation in Atherosclerosis: Implications of Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(13), 6467. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136467

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop