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Volume 12
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10.3390/s120708955
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Article

An Oxidase-Based Electrochemical Fluidic Sensor with High-Sensitivity and Low-Interference by On-Chip Oxygen Manipulation

by
Nitin Radhakrishnan
1,†,
Jongwon Park
1,‡ and
Chang-Soo Kim
1,2,*
1
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 301 W. 16th St., Rolla, MO 65409, USA
2
Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 301 W. 16th St., Rolla, MO 65409, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current affiliation: Cisco Systems, Inc., 80W Tasman Drive, San Jose, CA 95134, USA.
‡
Current affiliation: Kyungil University, 33 Buhori, Hayangup, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-701, Korea.
Sensors 2012, 12(7), 8955-8965; https://doi.org/10.3390/s120708955
Submission received: 28 May 2012 / Revised: 20 June 2012 / Accepted: 21 June 2012 / Published: 29 June 2012
(This article belongs to the Special Issue BioMEMS and Advanced Analytical Sensors for Biological Applications)
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Abstract

Utilizing a simple fluidic structure, we demonstrate the improved performance of oxidase-based enzymatic biosensors. Electrolysis of water is utilized to generate bubbles to manipulate the oxygen microenvironment close to the biosensor in a fluidic channel. For the proper enzyme reactions to occur, a simple mechanical procedure of manipulating bubbles was developed to maximize the oxygen level while minimizing the pH change after electrolysis. The sensors show improved sensitivities based on the oxygen dependency of enzyme reaction. In addition, this oxygen-rich operation minimizes the ratio of electrochemical interference signal by ascorbic acid during sensor operation (i.e., amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide). Although creatinine sensors have been used as the model system in this study, this method is applicable to many other biosensors that can use oxidase enzymes (e.g., glucose, alcohol, phenol, etc.) to implement a viable component for in-line fluidic sensor systems.
Keywords: bubble; electrolysis; oxygen; hydrogen; biosensor; oxidase bubble; electrolysis; oxygen; hydrogen; biosensor; oxidase

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MDPI and ACS Style

Radhakrishnan, N.; Park, J.; Kim, C.-S. An Oxidase-Based Electrochemical Fluidic Sensor with High-Sensitivity and Low-Interference by On-Chip Oxygen Manipulation. Sensors 2012, 12, 8955-8965. https://doi.org/10.3390/s120708955

AMA Style

Radhakrishnan N, Park J, Kim C-S. An Oxidase-Based Electrochemical Fluidic Sensor with High-Sensitivity and Low-Interference by On-Chip Oxygen Manipulation. Sensors. 2012; 12(7):8955-8965. https://doi.org/10.3390/s120708955

Chicago/Turabian Style

Radhakrishnan, Nitin, Jongwon Park, and Chang-Soo Kim. 2012. "An Oxidase-Based Electrochemical Fluidic Sensor with High-Sensitivity and Low-Interference by On-Chip Oxygen Manipulation" Sensors 12, no. 7: 8955-8965. https://doi.org/10.3390/s120708955

APA Style

Radhakrishnan, N., Park, J., & Kim, C.-S. (2012). An Oxidase-Based Electrochemical Fluidic Sensor with High-Sensitivity and Low-Interference by On-Chip Oxygen Manipulation. Sensors, 12(7), 8955-8965. https://doi.org/10.3390/s120708955

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