A Facile Electrochemical Sensor Based on PyTS–CNTs for Simultaneous Determination of Cadmium and Lead Ions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Reagents and Materials
2.2. Instruments
2.3. Preparation of PyTS–CNTs
2.4. Preparation of PyTS–CNT-Modified PGE
2.5. DPASV Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. PyTS–CNT Characterization
3.2. Electrochemical Behaviors of Various Modified Electrodes
3.3. Optimization of Experimental Conditions
3.4. Analyses for Determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II)
3.5. Interferences
3.6. Repeatability and Reproducibility
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Electrode Substrate | Method | Deposition Time (s) | Linear Range (μg L−1) | Limit of Detection (µg L−1) | Reference | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cd2+ | Pb2+ | Cd2+ | Pb2+ | ||||
PA/PPy/GO/GCE | DPASV | 200 | 5–150 | 5–150 | 2.13 | 0.41 | [10] |
G/Nafion/MWCNTs/Bi/GCE | DPASV | 180 | 0.5–30 | 0.5–30 | 0.1 | 0.2 | [19] |
CNF/Nafion/GCE | OSWSV | 300 | - | - | 0.19 | 0.31 | [21] |
N–CNT/GCE | SWASV | 11–11,200 | 2–1450 | 5.6 | 0.21 | [35] | |
SbNP/MWCNT/CPE | DPASV | 120 | 10–60 | 10–60 | 0.8 | 0.7 | [36] |
Bi/Nafion/RGO-GNPs/GCE | SWASV | 140 | 1–90 | 1–90 | 0.12 | 0.08 | [37] |
BiOCl/MWCNT–GCE | SWASV | 120 | 5–50 | 5–50 | 1.2 | 0.6 | [38] |
SNAC/GCE | DPASV | 10.1–539.6 | 18.6–1180.0 | 2.7 | 1.2 | [39] | |
Bi/IPA-treated CTE | SWASV | 300 | 5–110 | 5–110 | 1.08 | 0.87 | [40] |
MWCNTs/Bi–GCE | DPASV | 180 | 0.5–30 | 0.5–30 | 0.1 | 0.2 | [41] |
Au–GN–Cys/GCE | SWASV | 800 | 0.4–40 | 0.5–40 | 0.1 | 0.05 | [42] |
Bi/MGF–Nafion/GCE | DPASV | 360 | 2–70 | 0.5–110 | 0.5 | 0.1 | [43] |
Diatomite–MPTMS/GCE | DPASV | 300 | 20–300 | 20–150 | 15.9 | 6.9 | [44] |
PyTS–CNTs/Nafion/PGE | DPASV | 270 | 1–90 | 1–100 | 0.8 | 0.02 | This work |
Analyte | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Found (μg L−1) | RSD (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reproducibility n = 5 | Cd2+ | 4.582 | 5.201 | 4.431 | 4.886 | 4.607 | 4.741 ± 0.304 | 6.4 |
Pb2+ | 6.421 | 6.902 | 6.175 | 6.474 | 6.674 | 6.529 ± 0.274 | 4.2 | |
Repeatability n = 1 | Cd2+ | 4.713 | 4.469 | 4.734 | 4.5 | 4.717 | 4.627 ± 0.130 | 2.8 |
Pb2+ | 6.83 | 6.831 | 6.805 | 6.458 | 6.807 | 6.746 ± 0.162 | 2.4 |
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Jiang, R.; Liu, N.; Gao, S.; Mamat, X.; Su, Y.; Wagberg, T.; Li, Y.; Hu, X.; Hu, G. A Facile Electrochemical Sensor Based on PyTS–CNTs for Simultaneous Determination of Cadmium and Lead Ions. Sensors 2018, 18, 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18051567
Jiang R, Liu N, Gao S, Mamat X, Su Y, Wagberg T, Li Y, Hu X, Hu G. A Facile Electrochemical Sensor Based on PyTS–CNTs for Simultaneous Determination of Cadmium and Lead Ions. Sensors. 2018; 18(5):1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18051567
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiang, Ruyuan, Niantao Liu, Sanshuang Gao, Xamxikamar Mamat, Yuhong Su, Thomas Wagberg, Yongtao Li, Xun Hu, and Guangzhi Hu. 2018. "A Facile Electrochemical Sensor Based on PyTS–CNTs for Simultaneous Determination of Cadmium and Lead Ions" Sensors 18, no. 5: 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18051567