Sensors, Volume 21, Issue 1

Conventional strategies for determining phosphate concentration is limited in efficiency due to the cost, time, and labor that is required in laboratory analysis. Therefore, an on-site and rapid detection sensor for phosphate is urgently needed to ch...

A novel microstrip resonant vapor sensor made from a conductive multiwalled carbon nanotubes/ethylene-octene copolymer composite, of which its sensing properties were distinctively altered by vapor polarity, was developed for the detection of organic...

Timber volume is an important asset, not only as an ecological component, but also as a key source of present and future revenues, which requires precise estimates. We used the Trimble TX8 survey-grade terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) to create a deta...

We have augmented a recently introduced method for noninvasive analysis of skin structure and composition and applied it to monitoring of dynamical processes in traumatic bruises. The approach combines diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in visible spec...

Estimation and tracking of 6DoF poses of objects in images is a challenging problem of great importance for robotic interaction and augmented reality. Recent approaches applying deep neural networks for pose estimation have shown encouraging results....

The process of deep fat frying is the most common technological procedure applied to rapeseed oil. During heat treatment, oil loses its nutritional properties and its original consumer quality is lowered, which is often impossible to determine by org...

Moving load is a fundamental loading pattern for many civil engineering structures and machines. This paper proposes and experimentally verifies an approach for indirect identification of 2D trajectories of moving loads. In line with the “struc...

The network security situation of campus networks on CERNET (China Education and Research Network) has received great concern. However, most network managers have no complete picture of the network security because of its special management and the r...

In this paper, we present a proposed field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based time-to-digital converter (TDC) architecture to achieve high performance with low usage of resources. This TDC can be employed for multi-channel direct Time-of-Flight (To...

Blockchain technology has brought significant advantages for security and trustworthiness, in particular for Internet of Things (IoT) applications where there are multiple organisations that need to verify data and ensure security of shared smart con...

Based on the statics and quasi-statics analysis methods, the thermal deformation calculation model of a deep-groove ball bearing was constructed for the helical gear transmission system of a high speed electric drive, and the radial and axial bearing...

Typical AR methods have generic problems such as visual mismatching, incorrect occlusions, and limited augmentation due to the inability to estimate depth from AR images and attaching the AR markers onto physical objects, which prevents the industria...

The application of deep learning is blooming in the field of visual place recognition, which plays a critical role in visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (vSLAM) applications. The use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) achieve better pe...

Mass-spectrometry-based and X-ray fluorescence-based techniques have allowed the study of the distribution of Zn²⁺ ions at extracellular and intracellular levels over the past few years. However, there are some issues during purification steps, sampl...

Privacy protection in electronic healthcare applications is an important consideration, due to the sensitive nature of personal health data. Internet of Health Things (IoHT) networks that are used within a healthcare setting have unique challenges an...

The health diagnosis of agricultural structures is critical to detecting damages such as cracks in concrete, corrosion, spalling, and delamination. Agricultural structures are susceptible to environmental degradation due to frequent exposure to water...

Cameras and laser scanners are complementary tools for a 2D/3D information generation. Systematic and random errors cause the misalignment of the multi-sensor imagery and point cloud data. In this paper, a novel feature-based approach is proposed for...

The Loess Plateau, covering approximately 640,000 km², has experienced the most severe soil erosion in the world. A greening tendency has been noticed since implementing the Grain to Green Program (GTGP), which may prevent further soil erosion. There...

A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is a key component to generate high-speed clock of mixed-mode circuits and local oscillation signals of the frequency conversion in wired and wireless application systems. In particular, the recent evolution of n...

The design, micro-fabrication, and characterization of a resistance temperature detector (RTD) based micro sensor for minimally invasive breathing analysis and monitoring is presented. Experimental results demonstrate that the change in air temperatu...

In this article, a non-contact laser Doppler strain sensor designed for fatigue testing with the resonance-testing machine is presented. The compact sensor measures in-plane displacements simultaneously from two adjacent points using the principle of...

Vegetation generally appears scattered in drylands. Its structure, composition and spatial patterns are key controls of biotic interactions, water, and nutrient cycles. Applying segmentation methods to very high-resolution images for monitoring chang...

Due to medium scattering, absorption, and complex light interactions, capturing objects from the underwater environment has always been a difficult task. Single-pixel imaging (SPI) is an efficient imaging approach that can obtain spatial object infor...

The identification and separation of sources are the prerequisite of industrial noise control. Industrial machinery usually contains multiple noise sources sharing same-frequency components. There are usually multiple noise sources in mechanical equi...

Hearing loss is a disabling condition that increases with age and has been linked to difficulties in walking and increased risk of falls. The purpose of this study is to investigate changes in gait parameters associated with hearing loss in a group o...

There is an evident increase in the importance that remote sensing sensors play in the monitoring and evaluation of natural hazards susceptibility and risk. The present study aims to assess the flash-flood potential values, in a small catchment from...

Grain number per rice panicle, which directly determines grain yield, is an important agronomic trait for rice breeding and yield-related research. However, manually counting grains of rice per panicle is time-consuming, laborious, and error-prone. I...

Health 4.0 is an extension of the Industry standard 4.0 which is aimed at the virtualization of health-care services. It employs core technologies and services for integrated management of electronic health records (EHRs), captured through various se...

This paper investigates system performance in the Internet of Things (IoT) with an energy harvesting (EH) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled relay under Nakagami-m fading, where the time switching (TS) and adaptive power splitting (APS) protocols...

Due to their flexible structure and excellent optical characteristics hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs) are used in many fields, such as active optical devices, communications, and optical fiber sensing. In this paper, to analyze the char...

Oxygen saturation imaging has potential in several preclinical and clinical applications. Dual-wavelength LED array-based photoacoustic oxygen saturation imaging can be an affordable solution in this case. For the translation of this technology, ther...

The homomorphic proxy re-encryption scheme combines the characteristics of a homomorphic encryption scheme and proxy re-encryption scheme. The proxy can not only convert a ciphertext of the delegator into a ciphertext of the delegatee, but also can h...

As a new material, graphene shows excellent properties in mechanics, electricity, optics, and so on, which makes it widely concerned by people. At present, it is difficult for graphene pressure sensor to meet both high sensitivity and large pressure...

The aim of this paper is to formulate the physical layer of the broadband and narrowband power line communication (PLC) systems described in standards IEEE 1901 and IEEE 1901.2, which address new communication technologies over electrical networks fo...

Owing to insufficient illumination of the space station, the image information collected by the intelligent robot will be degraded, and it will not be able to accurately identify the tools required for the robot’s on-orbit maintenance. This sit...

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) can attain centimeter level positioning accuracy, which is conventionally provided by real-time precise point positioning (PPP) and real-time kinematic (RTK) techniques. Corrections from the data center or t...

Resting tremor in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most distinctive motor symptoms. Appropriate symptom monitoring can help to improve management and medical treatments and improve the patients’ quality of life. Currently, tremor is...

Walking algorithms using push-off improve moving efficiency and disturbance rejection performance. However, the algorithm based on classical contact force control requires an exact model or a Force/Torque sensor. This paper proposes a novel contact f...

Strap-down inertial navigation systems (INSs) with quartz flexible accelerometers (QFAs) are widely used in many conditions, particularly in aerial vehicles. Temperature is one of the significant issues impacting the performance of INS. The variation...

Climate change forecasts higher temperatures in urban environments worsening the urban heat island effect (UHI). Green infrastructure (GI) in cities could reduce the UHI by regulating and reducing ambient temperatures. Forest cities (i.e., Melbourne,...

We study problems of intercepting single and multiple invasive intruders on a boundary of a planar region by employing a team of autonomous unmanned surface vehicles. First, the problem of intercepting a single intruder has been studied and then the...

While low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies have been studied extensively for a broad spectrum of smart city applications, their potential for water distribution system monitoring in high temporal resolution has not been studied in detail....

Molecularly imprinted polymers have emerged as cost-effective and rugged artificial selective sorbents for combination with different sensors. In this study, quaternary ammonium cations, as functional monomers, were systematically evaluated to design...

The propagation characteristics of terahertz (THz) waves incident vertically into inhomogeneous and collisional dusty plasma with a ceramic substrate are studied using the scattering matrix method (SMM). The effects of the incident wave frequency and...

Interest in measuring displacement gradients, such as rotation and strain, is growing in many areas of geophysical research. This results in an urgent demand for reliable and field-deployable instruments measuring these quantities. In order to furthe...

The International Symposium on the Future ICT (Future-ICT 2019) in conjunction with the 4th International Symposium on Mobile Internet Security (MobiSec 2019) has been held on 17–19 October 2019 in Taichung, Taiwan [...]

Present systems for road traffic surveillance largely utilize MEMS magnetometers for the purpose of vehicle detection and classification. Magnetoresistive sensing or LR oscillation circuitry are technologies providing the sensors with the competitive...

Wind as a clean and renewable energy source has been used by humans for centuries. However, in recent years with the increase in the number and size of wind turbines, their impact on avifauna has become worrisome. Researchers estimated that in the U....

Lung CT image segmentation is a key process in many applications such as lung cancer detection. It is considered a challenging problem due to existing similar image densities in the pulmonary structures, different types of scanners, and scanning prot...

The piezoelectric sensor-actuator plays an important role in micro high-precision dynamic systems such as medical robots and micro grippers. These mechanisms need high-precision position control, while the size of the sensor and actuator should be as...