Increasing the Beam Width and Intensity with Refraction Power Effect Using a Combination of Beam Mirrors and Concave Mirrors for Surgical-Fluorescence-Emission-Guided Cancer Monitoring Method
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Analysis of Refraction Power Effect to Increase Beam Intensity and Beam Width
2.1. Improvement of Beam Width and Intensity Increase to Induce Fluorescence Emission Throughout the Lesion
2.2. Method for Deriving Refractive Power Phenomenon
3. Experimental Methods and Results
3.1. Experimental Environment Configuration
3.2. Experimental Method and Result Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Unit | Target Power [mW] | Beam Width | Irradiation Area [cm] | Fluorescence Emission Power [mW] | Applications | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mirrors (M) | Concave Lens (L) | |||||
PW1 | 0.73 | 78.8° | 24.8 | 0.12 | not applicable (M−) | not applicable (L−) |
PW2 | 10.1 | 89.1° | 28.0 | 4.00 | Applicable (M+) | not applicable (L−) |
PW3 | 10.9 | 109° | 34.2 | 5.30 | not applicable (M−) | Applicable (L+) |
PW4 | 13.6 | 111.8° | 35.1 | 6.20 | Applicable (M+) | Applicable (L+) |
Irradiation Wavelength [nm] | Emission Wavelength [nm] | Mirror & Concave Lens | Beam Width | Irradiation Area [cm] | Received Power [mW] | Emission Power [mW] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
405 | 530-560 | without | 78.8 | 24.8 | 0.73 | 0.12 |
with | 111.8 | 35.1 | 13.6 | 6.20 | ||
505 | 550-580 | without | 64.7 | 22.7 | 0.69 | 0.11 |
with | 110.0 | 34.4 | 12.7 | 5.86 | ||
780 | 830-860 | without | 64.3 | 22.2 | 0.56 | 0.092 |
with | 110.2 | 34.8 | 11.6 | 5.65 |
Ref. [#] | λext [nm] | WD [cm] | Beam Width [cm2] | Pmax [mW] | Target Received Power [mW] | LED Quantity [ea] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
this work | 405 | 18.0 | 35.1 | 200 | 13.6 | 1.00 (LED) |
[23] | 405 | 0.25 | 0.027 | 40.0 | 12.3 | 1.0 (laser) |
[27] | 550 | 56.75 | 5.72 | 7920 | 0.196 | 9.00 (LED) |
[28] | 625 | 30.00 | 3.24 | 300,300 | 26.55 | 130 (LED) |
[29] | 467 | 6.17 | 3.31 | 100 | 6.10 | 52 (LED) |
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Park, J.; Seo, J.; Yoon, K.; Lee, S.; Kim, M.; Ryu, S.Y.; Kim, K.G. Increasing the Beam Width and Intensity with Refraction Power Effect Using a Combination of Beam Mirrors and Concave Mirrors for Surgical-Fluorescence-Emission-Guided Cancer Monitoring Method. Sensors 2024, 24, 5503. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175503
Park J, Seo J, Yoon K, Lee S, Kim M, Ryu SY, Kim KG. Increasing the Beam Width and Intensity with Refraction Power Effect Using a Combination of Beam Mirrors and Concave Mirrors for Surgical-Fluorescence-Emission-Guided Cancer Monitoring Method. Sensors. 2024; 24(17):5503. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175503
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Jina, Jeongmin Seo, Kicheol Yoon, Sangyun Lee, Minchan Kim, Seung Yeob Ryu, and Kwang Gi Kim. 2024. "Increasing the Beam Width and Intensity with Refraction Power Effect Using a Combination of Beam Mirrors and Concave Mirrors for Surgical-Fluorescence-Emission-Guided Cancer Monitoring Method" Sensors 24, no. 17: 5503. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175503