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Volume 24
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10.3390/s24072031
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Article

Development, Validation, and Comparison of a Novel Nociception/Anti-Nociception Monitor against Two Commercial Monitors in General Anesthesia

by
Clara M. Ionescu
1,2,
Dana Copot
1,*,
Erhan Yumuk
1,3,
Robin De Keyser
1,
Cristina Muresan
2,
Isabela Roxana Birs
1,2,
Ghada Ben Othman
1,
Hamed Farbakhsh
1,
Amani R. Ynineb
1 and
Martine Neckebroek
4
1
Department of Electromechanics, System and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
2
Department of Automation, Technical University Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului Street 20, 400114 Cluj, Romania
3
Department of Control and Automation Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
4
Department of Anesthesia, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2024, 24(7), 2031; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072031
Submission received: 24 January 2024 / Revised: 12 March 2024 / Accepted: 20 March 2024 / Published: 22 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Biomedical Sensors)
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Abstract

In this paper, we present the development and the validation of a novel index of nociception/anti-nociception (N/AN) based on skin impedance measurement in time and frequency domain with our prototype AnspecPro device. The primary objective of the study was to compare the Anspec-PRO device with two other commercial devices (Medasense, Medstorm). This comparison was designed to be conducted under the same conditions for the three devices. This was carried out during total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) by investigating its outcomes related to noxious stimulus. In a carefully designed clinical protocol during general anesthesia from induction until emergence, we extract data for estimating individualized causal dynamic models between drug infusion and their monitored effect variables. Specifically, these are Propofol hypnotic drug to Bispectral index of hypnosis level and Remifentanil opioid drug to each of the three aforementioned devices. When compared, statistical analysis of the regions before and during the standardized stimulus shows consistent difference between regions for all devices and for all indices. These results suggest that the proposed methodology for data extraction and processing for AnspecPro delivers the same information as the two commercial devices.
Keywords: modeling; general anesthesia; skin impedance; nociception index; closed-loop control; real-time monitoring; model adaptation; patient models modeling; general anesthesia; skin impedance; nociception index; closed-loop control; real-time monitoring; model adaptation; patient models

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ionescu, C.M.; Copot, D.; Yumuk, E.; De Keyser, R.; Muresan, C.; Birs, I.R.; Ben Othman, G.; Farbakhsh, H.; Ynineb, A.R.; Neckebroek, M. Development, Validation, and Comparison of a Novel Nociception/Anti-Nociception Monitor against Two Commercial Monitors in General Anesthesia. Sensors 2024, 24, 2031. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072031

AMA Style

Ionescu CM, Copot D, Yumuk E, De Keyser R, Muresan C, Birs IR, Ben Othman G, Farbakhsh H, Ynineb AR, Neckebroek M. Development, Validation, and Comparison of a Novel Nociception/Anti-Nociception Monitor against Two Commercial Monitors in General Anesthesia. Sensors. 2024; 24(7):2031. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072031

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ionescu, Clara M., Dana Copot, Erhan Yumuk, Robin De Keyser, Cristina Muresan, Isabela Roxana Birs, Ghada Ben Othman, Hamed Farbakhsh, Amani R. Ynineb, and Martine Neckebroek. 2024. "Development, Validation, and Comparison of a Novel Nociception/Anti-Nociception Monitor against Two Commercial Monitors in General Anesthesia" Sensors 24, no. 7: 2031. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072031

APA Style

Ionescu, C. M., Copot, D., Yumuk, E., De Keyser, R., Muresan, C., Birs, I. R., Ben Othman, G., Farbakhsh, H., Ynineb, A. R., & Neckebroek, M. (2024). Development, Validation, and Comparison of a Novel Nociception/Anti-Nociception Monitor against Two Commercial Monitors in General Anesthesia. Sensors, 24(7), 2031. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072031

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