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Article

Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy for Inferior Caval Vein Embolization: Recovery of Sodium Laurate-Post-Embolization Syndrome in Rats

by
Ivan Maria Smoday
1,
Ivan Krezic
1,
Luka Kalogjera
1,
Vlasta Vukovic
1,
Helena Zizek
1,2,
Marija Skoro
2,
Katarina Kasnik Kovac
1,2,
Hrvoje Vranes
1,
Ivan Barisic
1,
Suncana Sikiric
3,
Sanja Strbe
1,
Marijan Tepes
1,
Katarina Oroz
1,
Slavica Zubcic
1,
Mirjana Stupnisek
1,
Lidija Beketic Oreskovic
1,
Ivana Kavelj
2,
Luka Novosel
2,
Matea Prenc
2,
Sanja Barsic Ostojic
2,
Ivan Dobric
4,
Marko Sever
4,
Alenka Boban Blagaic
1,
Anita Skrtic
3,*,
Mario Staresinic
4,*,
Ivica Sjekavica
2,
Sven Seiwerth
3 and
Predrag Sikiric
1,*add Show full author list remove Hide full author list
1
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
2
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
3
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
4
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb,10000 Zagreb, Croatia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(10), 1507; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16101507
Submission received: 25 August 2023 / Revised: 9 October 2023 / Accepted: 11 October 2023 / Published: 23 October 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Biopharmaceuticals)
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Abstract

After inferior caval vein embolization therapy, post-embolization syndrome (sodium laurate 10 mg/kg, 0.1 mL into rat inferior caval vein, assessment at 15, 30, 60 min, prime lung lesions, thromboemboli occluding lung vessels), as a severe occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome, might be resolved as a whole by stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy. At 5 min after laurate injection, stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 was implemented as therapy (10 µg/kg, 10 ng/kg intraperitoneally or intragastrically). As before, confronted with the occlusion of major vessel(s) or similar noxious procedures, such as rapidly acting Virchow triad circumstances, the particular effect of the therapy (i.e., collateral pathways activation, “bypassing vascular key”, i.e., direct blood flow delivery via activation of azygos vein) assisted in the recovery of the vessel/s and counteracted multiorgan failure due to occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome as a whole in the laurate-injected rats. Along with prime lung lesions and thromboemboli occluding lung vessels, post-embolization syndrome rapidly occurred peripherally and centrally as a shared multiorgan and vessel failure, brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract lesions, venous hypertension (intracranial (superior sagittal sinus), portal, and caval), aortal hypotension, progressing thrombosis in veins and arteries and stasis, congested and/or failed major veins, and severe ECG disturbances. Whatever the cause, these were all counteracted, eliminated, or attenuated by the application of BPC 157 therapy. As recovery with BPC 157 therapy commonly and rapidly occurred, reversing the collapsed azygos vein to the rescuing collateral pathway might initiate rapid direct blood delivery and start blood flow reorganization. In conclusion, we suggest BPC 157 therapy to resolve further vascular and embolization injuries.
Keywords: post-embolization syndrome; general occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome; stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157; therapy; rats post-embolization syndrome; general occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome; stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157; therapy; rats

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Smoday, I.M.; Krezic, I.; Kalogjera, L.; Vukovic, V.; Zizek, H.; Skoro, M.; Kovac, K.K.; Vranes, H.; Barisic, I.; Sikiric, S.; et al. Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy for Inferior Caval Vein Embolization: Recovery of Sodium Laurate-Post-Embolization Syndrome in Rats. Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16, 1507. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16101507

AMA Style

Smoday IM, Krezic I, Kalogjera L, Vukovic V, Zizek H, Skoro M, Kovac KK, Vranes H, Barisic I, Sikiric S, et al. Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy for Inferior Caval Vein Embolization: Recovery of Sodium Laurate-Post-Embolization Syndrome in Rats. Pharmaceuticals. 2023; 16(10):1507. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16101507

Chicago/Turabian Style

Smoday, Ivan Maria, Ivan Krezic, Luka Kalogjera, Vlasta Vukovic, Helena Zizek, Marija Skoro, Katarina Kasnik Kovac, Hrvoje Vranes, Ivan Barisic, Suncana Sikiric, and et al. 2023. "Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy for Inferior Caval Vein Embolization: Recovery of Sodium Laurate-Post-Embolization Syndrome in Rats" Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 10: 1507. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16101507

APA Style

Smoday, I. M., Krezic, I., Kalogjera, L., Vukovic, V., Zizek, H., Skoro, M., Kovac, K. K., Vranes, H., Barisic, I., Sikiric, S., Strbe, S., Tepes, M., Oroz, K., Zubcic, S., Stupnisek, M., Beketic Oreskovic, L., Kavelj, I., Novosel, L., Prenc, M., ... Sikiric, P. (2023). Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy for Inferior Caval Vein Embolization: Recovery of Sodium Laurate-Post-Embolization Syndrome in Rats. Pharmaceuticals, 16(10), 1507. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16101507

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