Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Columbianadin against D-Galactose-Induced Liver Injury In Vivo via the JAK2/STAT3 and JAK2/p38/NF-κB Pathways
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Influence on Body Weight and Liver Indices
2.2. Influence on Serum Biochemicals and Inflammatory Cytokines
2.3. Influence on D-Gal-Induced Oxidative Stress in Liver Tissue
2.4. Influence on Inflammatory Cytokines in Liver Tissue
2.5. Influence on Liver Histology
2.6. Influence on the Expression of Proteins in JAK2/STAT3 and JAK2/p38/NF-κB Signaling Pathways
3. Discussion
4. Methods and Materials
4.1. Reagents
4.2. Animal Experiment
4.3. Determination of Body Weight and Organ Indices
4.4. Determination of Biochemical Indices in Serum and Liver
4.5. Tissue Preparation and Histological Analysis
4.6. Western Blot Analysis
4.7. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ALT | Alanine aminotransferase | JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
APR | Angelicae pubescentis radix | MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
AST | Aspartate aminotransferase | NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
BW | Body weight | OE | Osthole |
CAT | Catalase | p38 | Protein 38 |
CBA | Columbianetin acetate | p65 | Protein 65 |
CBN | Columbianadin | P-p38 | Phosphorylated protein 38 |
CBT | Columbianetin | P-p65 | Phosphorylated protein 65 |
D-Gal | D-galactose | P-JAK | Phosphorylated Janus kinase |
ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay | P-STAT | Phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription |
Erk | Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase | PVDF | Polyvinylidene difluoride |
GSH | Glutathione | ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
GPx | Glutathione peroxidase | SDS-PAGE | Sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
H&E | Hematoxylin and eosin | SOD | Superoxide dismutase |
ICR | Institute of Cancer Research | STAT | Signal transducer and activator of transcription |
IL-1 | Interleukin-1 | TLR | Toll-like receptor |
IL-6 | Interleukin-6 | TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
JAK | Janus kinase | VE | Vitamin E |
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Groups | Weight (g) | Liver Indices (mg/g) | Kidney Indices (mg/g) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Initial | Final | |||
Control | 31.07 ± 0.68 | 47.17 ± 3.79 d | 17.01 ± 2.34 d | 5.77 ± 0.67 |
Model | 29.98 ± 0.91 | 33.75 ± 1.19 a | 10.61 ± 0.48 a | 4.94 ± 0.98 |
CBN (200 mg/kg) | 30.62 ± 1.24 | 35.88 ± 2.93 b | 11.21 ± 1.77 b | 4.74 ± 0.68 |
CBN (400 mg/kg) | 30.11 ± 1.62 | 35.50 ± 1.29 b | 11.73 ± 0.98 b | 4.48 ± 0.43 |
CBN (800 mg/kg) | 29.54 ± 0.53 | 35.38 ± 2.75 b | 12.37 ± 0.82 c | 5.01 ± 0.38 |
Vitamin E (150 mg/kg) | 30.67 ± 0.78 | 37.33 ± 3.40 c | 12.63 ± 0.30 c | 5.11 ± 0.79 |
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Ma, Z.; Peng, L.; Sheng, Y.; Chu, W.; Fu, Y. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Columbianadin against D-Galactose-Induced Liver Injury In Vivo via the JAK2/STAT3 and JAK2/p38/NF-κB Pathways. Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17, 378. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17030378
Ma Z, Peng L, Sheng Y, Chu W, Fu Y. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Columbianadin against D-Galactose-Induced Liver Injury In Vivo via the JAK2/STAT3 and JAK2/p38/NF-κB Pathways. Pharmaceuticals. 2024; 17(3):378. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17030378
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Zhe, Lin Peng, Yaoyao Sheng, Wenhui Chu, and Yongqian Fu. 2024. "Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Columbianadin against D-Galactose-Induced Liver Injury In Vivo via the JAK2/STAT3 and JAK2/p38/NF-κB Pathways" Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 3: 378. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17030378