Physcion Mitigates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Memory Impairments via TLR-4/NF-кB Signaling in Adult Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Physcion Treatment Prevents LPS-Induced TLR4 Signaling and Glial Cell Reactivity in the Mouse Brain
2.2. Physcion Inhibits the Activation of NF-κB and Inflammatory Cytokines
2.3. Physcion Reduced LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Mouse Brain
2.4. Physcion Treatment Improved LPS-Induced Synaptic Damage and Memory Impairments
2.5. Physcion Enhances Cognitive Behavior in Mice
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemicals
4.2. Animal Handling
4.3. Animal Grouping and Treatments
4.4. Behavioral Study
4.5. Extraction of Protein from Mouse Brain
4.6. Immunofluorescence Staining
4.7. Western Blot Analysis
4.8. GSH and MDA Assay
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Antibody | Host | Application | Manufacturer | Catalog Number | Dilution |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TLR4 | Mouse | WB | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States | SC293072 | 1:1000 |
Iba-1 | Mouse | WB | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States | SC39840 | 1:1000 |
GFAP | Mouse | WB/IF | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States | SC33673 | 1:1000/1:100 |
p-NF-кB | Mouse | WB | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States | SC136548 | 1:1000 |
TNF-α | Mouse | WB/IF | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States | SC52746 | 1:1000/1:100 |
IL-1β | Mouse | WB | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States | SC32294 | 1:1000 |
Nrf2 | Rabbit | WB/IF | Cell Signaling, United States | 12721S | 1:1000/100 |
HO-1 | Mouse | WB | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States | SC136961 | 1:1000 |
PSD-95 | Mouse | WB/IF | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States | SC71933 | 1:1000/100 |
SNAP-23 | Mouse | WB | Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States | SC374215 | 1:1000 |
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Ahmad, S.; Choe, K.; Badshah, H.; Ahmad, R.; Ali, W.; Rehman, I.U.; Park, T.J.; Park, J.S.; Kim, M.O. Physcion Mitigates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Memory Impairments via TLR-4/NF-кB Signaling in Adult Mice. Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17, 1199. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17091199
Ahmad S, Choe K, Badshah H, Ahmad R, Ali W, Rehman IU, Park TJ, Park JS, Kim MO. Physcion Mitigates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Memory Impairments via TLR-4/NF-кB Signaling in Adult Mice. Pharmaceuticals. 2024; 17(9):1199. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17091199
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad, Sareer, Kyonghwan Choe, Haroon Badshah, Riaz Ahmad, Waqar Ali, Inayat Ur Rehman, Tae Ju Park, Jun Sung Park, and Myeong Ok Kim. 2024. "Physcion Mitigates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Memory Impairments via TLR-4/NF-кB Signaling in Adult Mice" Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 9: 1199. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17091199