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Advancing Therapeutic Targets in IBD: Emerging Goals and Precision Medicine Approaches
 
 
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Pharmaceuticals
Volume 18
Issue 2
10.3390/ph18020190
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Review

Drug Development in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: What Is Next?

by
Lorenzo Petronio
1,2,
Arianna Dal Buono
1,2,
Roberto Gabbiadini
1,
Giulia Migliorisi
1,2,
Giuseppe Privitera
1,2,
Matteo Ferraris
1,2,
Laura Loy
1,
Cristina Bezzio
1,2 and
Alessandro Armuzzi
1,2,*
1
IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
2
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceuticals 2025, 18(2), 190; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18020190
Submission received: 3 January 2025 / Revised: 18 January 2025 / Accepted: 24 January 2025 / Published: 30 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic conditions requiring long-term therapy to maintain remission and improve quality of life. Despite the approval of numerous drugs, IBD continues to present treatment challenges. This review aims to summarize novel therapeutic target agents in phases II and III of development, including sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators (S1P), anti-interleukin-23 (IL-23), and other small molecules and monoclonal antibodies currently under investigation (e.g., anti-TL1A, obefazimod, NX-13, RIPK-inhibitors). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to December 2024 to identify relevant articles published in English over the past three–five years, focusing on phase II/III studies for UC and CD. The search included databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and the ClinicalTrials.gov portal. Results: Clinical trials underline the potential of novel immunomodulators, including anti-TL1A, obefazimod, NX-13, RIPK inhibitors, and anti-IL-23p19 agents, as promising therapeutic options for IBD. Anti-IL23p19 therapies, such as risankizumab and mirikizumab, alongside guselkumab, exemplify this class’s growing clinical relevance. While some are already in clinical use, others are nearing approval. Conclusions: Ongoing research into long-term safety and the development of personalized treatment strategies remains pivotal to enhance outcomes. Patient stratification and the strategic positioning of these therapies within the expanding treatment landscape are critical for optimizing their clinical impact.
Keywords: Crohn’s disease; ulcerative colitis; anti-TL1A antibodies; obefazimod; S1P modulators; anti IL-23; NX-13 Crohn’s disease; ulcerative colitis; anti-TL1A antibodies; obefazimod; S1P modulators; anti IL-23; NX-13

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MDPI and ACS Style

Petronio, L.; Dal Buono, A.; Gabbiadini, R.; Migliorisi, G.; Privitera, G.; Ferraris, M.; Loy, L.; Bezzio, C.; Armuzzi, A. Drug Development in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: What Is Next? Pharmaceuticals 2025, 18, 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18020190

AMA Style

Petronio L, Dal Buono A, Gabbiadini R, Migliorisi G, Privitera G, Ferraris M, Loy L, Bezzio C, Armuzzi A. Drug Development in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: What Is Next? Pharmaceuticals. 2025; 18(2):190. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18020190

Chicago/Turabian Style

Petronio, Lorenzo, Arianna Dal Buono, Roberto Gabbiadini, Giulia Migliorisi, Giuseppe Privitera, Matteo Ferraris, Laura Loy, Cristina Bezzio, and Alessandro Armuzzi. 2025. "Drug Development in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: What Is Next?" Pharmaceuticals 18, no. 2: 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18020190

APA Style

Petronio, L., Dal Buono, A., Gabbiadini, R., Migliorisi, G., Privitera, G., Ferraris, M., Loy, L., Bezzio, C., & Armuzzi, A. (2025). Drug Development in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: What Is Next? Pharmaceuticals, 18(2), 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18020190

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