Dysregulation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and p27Kip1 Promotes Intimal Hyperplasia in Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Role of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor, p27Kip1, in Cardiovascular Disease
2.1. The Vascular Response to Injury
2.2. Intimal Thickening is Blocked by Elevated Levels of the Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor, p27Kip1
3. Clinical Use of mTOR Inhibitors in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
4. Changes in the Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Cell Proliferation and Migration under Diabetic Conditions
4.1. Role of Ang II in VSMC Insulin Resistance
4.2. Hyperglycemia and IGF-1 Activation of ERK
4.3. Changes in Insulin Signaling in Response to Changes in IGFR Expression
5. Effects of Diabetes Mellitus on Efficacy of mTOR Inhibitors in Preventing In-Stent Restenosis
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflict of Interest
References
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Woods, T.C. Dysregulation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and p27Kip1 Promotes Intimal Hyperplasia in Diabetes Mellitus. Pharmaceuticals 2013, 6, 716-727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph6060716
Woods TC. Dysregulation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and p27Kip1 Promotes Intimal Hyperplasia in Diabetes Mellitus. Pharmaceuticals. 2013; 6(6):716-727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph6060716
Chicago/Turabian StyleWoods, Thomas Cooper. 2013. "Dysregulation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and p27Kip1 Promotes Intimal Hyperplasia in Diabetes Mellitus" Pharmaceuticals 6, no. 6: 716-727. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph6060716