SOD2 Gene Variants (rs4880 and rs5746136) and Their Association with Breast Cancer Risk
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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BC Patients (n = 818) | Controls (n = 356) | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at diagnosis (years) | |||||
Mean (SD) | 54.06 | (11.51) | 43.92 | (14.07) | 0.0001 * |
<45 years [(n), %] | (188) | 23.0 | (192) | 54.0 | 0.0001 |
≥46 years [(n), %] | (630) | 77.0 | (164) | 46.0 | |
Age at menarche | |||||
8–10 years [(n), %] | (57) | 7.0 | (14) | 4.0 | 0.0611 |
11–13 years [(n), %] | (532) | 65.0 | (335) | 94.0 | 0.0001 |
14–18 years [(n), %] | (229) | 28.0 | (7) | 2.0 | 0.0001 |
Menopause status | |||||
Postmenopausal [(n), %] | (564) | 69.0 | (132) | 37.0 | 0.0001 |
Premenopausal [(n), %] | (254) | 31.0 | (224) | 63.0 | |
Hormonal consumption | |||||
Yes [(n), %] | (360) | 44.0 | (100) | 28.0 | 0.0001 |
No [(n), %] | (458) | 57.0 | (256) | 72.0 | |
Tobacco consumption | |||||
Yes [(n), %] | (229) | 28.0 | (85) | 24.0 | 0.1631 |
No [(n), %] | (589) | 72.0 | (271) | 76.0 | |
Alcohol consumption | |||||
Yes [(n), %] | (139) | 17.0 | (75) | 21.0 | 0.1141 |
No [(n), %] | (679) | 83.0 | (281) | 79.0 |
BC Patients (n = 818) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n) | % | (n) | % | ||
Family history of breast cancer | Tumor stage | ||||
Yes [(n), %] | (139) | 17.0 | I [(n), %] | (55) | 7.0 |
No [(n), %] | (679) | 83.0 | II [(n), %] | (240) | 29.0 |
Body mass index (BMI) * | III [(n), %] | (285) | 35.0 | ||
18–24.9 (normal weight) [(n), %] | (196) | 24.0 | IV [(n), %] | (238) | 29.0 |
25–29.9 (overweight) [(n), %] | (286) | 35.0 | Node status | ||
≥30 (obesity) [(n), %] | (336) | 41.0 | Positive [(n), %] | (597) | 73.0 |
Pregnancies status | Negative [(n), %] | (221) | 27.0 | ||
≤4 [(n), %] | (589) | 72.0 | Molecular type | ||
≥5 [(n), %] | (229) | 28.0 | Luminal A [(n), %] | (377) | 46.0 |
Miscarriage | Luminal B [(n), %] | (174) | 21.0 | ||
Yes [(n), %] | (254) | 31 | Her-2 [(n), %] | (115) | 14.0 |
No [(n), %] | (564) | 69 | Triple negative [(n), %] | (152) | 19.0 |
Breastfeeding | |||||
≤6 month [(n), %] | (180) | 22.0 | Ki-67 [(n), ≥20 %] | (295) | 36.0 |
>6 month [(n), %] | (458) | 56.0 | Ki-67 [(n), <20 %] | (523) | 64.0 |
No [(n), %] | (179) | 22.0 | Metastatic status | ||
Localization | Yes [(n), %] | (237) | 29.0 | ||
Left [(n), %] | (360) | 44.0 | No [(n), %] | (581) | 71.0 |
Right [(n), %] | (417) | 51.0 | Chemotherapy status | ||
Bilateral [(n), %] | (41) | 5.0 | Response [(n), %] | (517) | 63.0 |
Histology (adenocarcinoma) | No response [(n), %] | (301) | 37.0 | ||
Ductal [(n), %] | (733) | 90.0 | Personal medical history | ||
Lobular [(n), %] | (73) | 9.0 | benign breast disease- uterine fibroids ** | (228) | 28.0 |
Mixed [(n), %] | (12) | 1.0 | DM2-Hypertension ** | (220) | 27.0 |
Variant | BC | Controls * | OR | 95%(CI) | p-Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs4880 | Genotype | (n = 818) | % | (n = 211) | % | ||||
CC | (330) | 40 | (119) | 56 | 0.52 | (0.38–0.07) | 0.0001 | ||
CT | (386) | 47 | (78) | 37 | 1.5 | (1.11–2.08) | 0.009 | ||
TT | (102) | 13 | (14) | 7 | 2.0 | (1.12–3.58) | 0.023 | ||
Dominant | CC | (330) | 40 | (119) | 56 | ||||
CT + TT | (488) | 60 | (92) | 44 | 1.91 | (1.41–2.59) | 0.0001 | ||
Recessive | TT | (102) | 13 | (14) | 7 | 2.0 | (1.12–3.58) | 0.023 | |
CC + CT | (716) | 87 | (197) | 93 | |||||
Codominant | CT | (386) | 47 | (78) | 37 | 1.5 | (1.11–2.08) | 0.009 | |
CC + TT | (432) | 53 | (386) | 63 | |||||
Allele (2n = 1636) | (2n = 422) | ||||||||
C | (1046) | 0.639 | (316) | 0.748 | 0.6 | (0.46–0.75) | 0.0001 | ||
T | (590) | 0.361 | (106) | 0.252 | 1.7 | (1.32–2.14) | 0.0001 | ||
rs5746136 | Genotype | (n = 481) | % | (n = 356) | % | ||||
CC | (248) | 52 | (223) | 63 | 0.63 | (0.48–0.83) | 0.001 | ||
CT | (193) | 40 | (118) | 33 | 1.35 | (1.01–1.80) | 0.046 | ||
TT | (40) | 8 | (15) | 4 | 2.0 | (1.12–3.79) | 0.025 | ||
Dominant | CC | (248) | 52 | (223) | 63 | ||||
CT + TT | (233) | 48 | (133) | 37 | 1.6 | (1.25–2.20) | 0.0004 | ||
Recessive | TT | (40) | 8 | (15) | 4 | 2.0 | (1.12–3.79) | 0.025 | |
CC + CT | (441) | 92 | (341) | 96 | |||||
Codominant | CT | (193) | 40 | (118) | 33 | 1.3 | (1.01–1.80) | 0.046 | |
CC + TT | (288) | 60 | (238) | 67 | |||||
Allele (2n = 962) | (2n = 712) | ||||||||
C | (694) | 0.717 | (564) | 0.792 | 0.66 | (0.52–0.83) | 0.0004 | ||
T | (274) | 0.283 | (148) | 0.208 | 1.5 | (1.20–1.89) | 0.0004 |
Variant | Genotype | Variable | OR | 95%(CI) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs4880 | CT | ≤45 years old | 1.7 | (1.05–2.74) | 0.038 |
CT | 11–13 years old menarche | 1.5 | (1.13–2.21) | 0.008 | |
CT | Hormonal consumption | 1.9 | (1.06–3.5) | 0.040 | |
rs5746136 | CT | 11–13 years old menarche | 1.55 | (1.12–2.13) | 0.008 |
Variant | Clinical Variable | OR | 95% (CI) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs4880 | Obesity (BMI 30–40) | 3.7 | (1.07–12.9) | 0.039 | |
DM-SAH * | 1.6 | (1.05–1.27) | 0.002 | ||
Non-chemotherapy response | 1.6 | (1.97–1.27) | 0.002 | ||
rs5746136 | Ki-67 (≥20%) | 2.9 | (1.16–7.36) | 0.022 | |
Luminal A | 1.6 | (0.46–0.21) | 0.041 | ||
CTTT | Chemotherapy partial response | 2.37 | (1.06–5.32) | 0.035 |
SOD2 Gene | Patients | Controls | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs4880 | rs5746136 | n | % | n | % | OR95%(CI) | p-Value |
C | C | (474) | 51 | (128) | 57 | 0.779 (0.58–1.04) | 0.095 |
C | T | (114) | 12 | (37) | 17 | 0.693 (0.46–1.03) | 0.072 |
T | C | (197) | 21 | (39) | 17 | 1.250 (0.85–1.82) | 0.245 |
T | T | (149) | 16 | (19) | 9 | 1.986 (1.20–3.26) | 0.005 |
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Gallegos-Arreola, M.P.; Ramírez-Patiño, R.; Sánchez-López, J.Y.; Zúñiga-González, G.M.; Figuera, L.E.; Delgado-Saucedo, J.I.; Gómez-Meda, B.C.; Rosales-Reynoso, M.A.; Puebla-Pérez, A.M.; Lemus-Varela, M.L.; et al. SOD2 Gene Variants (rs4880 and rs5746136) and Their Association with Breast Cancer Risk. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2022, 44, 5221-5233. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb44110355
Gallegos-Arreola MP, Ramírez-Patiño R, Sánchez-López JY, Zúñiga-González GM, Figuera LE, Delgado-Saucedo JI, Gómez-Meda BC, Rosales-Reynoso MA, Puebla-Pérez AM, Lemus-Varela ML, et al. SOD2 Gene Variants (rs4880 and rs5746136) and Their Association with Breast Cancer Risk. Current Issues in Molecular Biology. 2022; 44(11):5221-5233. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb44110355
Chicago/Turabian StyleGallegos-Arreola, Martha P., Ramiro Ramírez-Patiño, Josefina Y. Sánchez-López, Guillermo M. Zúñiga-González, Luis E. Figuera, Jorge I. Delgado-Saucedo, Belinda C. Gómez-Meda, Mónica A. Rosales-Reynoso, Ana M. Puebla-Pérez, María L. Lemus-Varela, and et al. 2022. "SOD2 Gene Variants (rs4880 and rs5746136) and Their Association with Breast Cancer Risk" Current Issues in Molecular Biology 44, no. 11: 5221-5233. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb44110355