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Volume 47
Issue 6
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Article

Molecular Regulation of Antioxidant Defense and Metabolic Reprogramming in Xiaozhan Rice Genotypes: Differential Roles of Salicylic Acid and Melatonin Under Salt Stress

by
Yang Wu
1,†,
Yongbo Duan
2,†,
Xifan Luo
1,
Mingjun Li
1,
Hengjie Gao
1,
Wei Zhu
3,
Fei Zhao
1,
Jian Liu
1,* and
Wenzhong Zhang
4,*
1
Tianjin Key Laboratory Intelligent Breeding Major Crops, College of Agronomy & Resources and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China
2
Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235026, China
3
Key Laboratory of Hybrid Japonica Rice Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Hybrid Rice Engineering and Technology Research Centre, Tianjin Sub-Centre, Tianjin 300350, China
4
Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(6), 432; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47060432 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 8 May 2025 / Revised: 1 June 2025 / Accepted: 5 June 2025 / Published: 7 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms in Plant Stress Tolerance)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Against the background of increasing global soil salinity, exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and melatonin (MT) have attracted much attention for their potential in regulating plant stress tolerance and have become an important research direction for the development of green and sustainable agriculture. In this study, the alleviating effects of different concentrations of SA (100–900 μM) and MT (100–900 μM) on salt stress (50 mM NaCl) and their physiological mechanisms were systematically investigated using the Tianjin specialty rice, Xiaozhan rice, as the research object. The results showed that salt stress significantly inhibited the germination and seedling growth of the two varieties, in which the salt-sensitive variety Jinchuan No. 1 showed significantly higher decreases in root length, plant height, and biomass (54.7–69.1%) than the salt-tolerant variety Jindao 919 (4.0–28.9%). Exogenous SA and MT were effective in mitigating salt stress injury, but there were genotypic differences in their pathways of action. For the first time in japonica rice, the genotype specificity of the SA/MT response was clearly revealed: SA dominated the response of salt-tolerant varieties by enhancing antioxidant defences, whereas MT optimized the overall performance of the salt-sensitive varieties through scavenging of reactive oxygen species, and in addition, it was further determined that SA and MT exhibited optimal mitigating effects on both varieties in the 300–700 μM concentration range, showing the best mitigation effect for both varieties. This finding provides an important theoretical basis and technological paradigm for precision stress tolerance cultivation of saline rice, and the application of appropriate concentrations of SA/MT according to genotype specificity to reduce the dependence on agrochemicals is of practical value in promoting green and sustainable production in saline agriculture.
Keywords: Xiaozhan rice; salt stress; salicylic acid; melatonin; genotype interactions Xiaozhan rice; salt stress; salicylic acid; melatonin; genotype interactions

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Wu, Y.; Duan, Y.; Luo, X.; Li, M.; Gao, H.; Zhu, W.; Zhao, F.; Liu, J.; Zhang, W. Molecular Regulation of Antioxidant Defense and Metabolic Reprogramming in Xiaozhan Rice Genotypes: Differential Roles of Salicylic Acid and Melatonin Under Salt Stress. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47, 432. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47060432

AMA Style

Wu Y, Duan Y, Luo X, Li M, Gao H, Zhu W, Zhao F, Liu J, Zhang W. Molecular Regulation of Antioxidant Defense and Metabolic Reprogramming in Xiaozhan Rice Genotypes: Differential Roles of Salicylic Acid and Melatonin Under Salt Stress. Current Issues in Molecular Biology. 2025; 47(6):432. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47060432

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wu, Yang, Yongbo Duan, Xifan Luo, Mingjun Li, Hengjie Gao, Wei Zhu, Fei Zhao, Jian Liu, and Wenzhong Zhang. 2025. "Molecular Regulation of Antioxidant Defense and Metabolic Reprogramming in Xiaozhan Rice Genotypes: Differential Roles of Salicylic Acid and Melatonin Under Salt Stress" Current Issues in Molecular Biology 47, no. 6: 432. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47060432

APA Style

Wu, Y., Duan, Y., Luo, X., Li, M., Gao, H., Zhu, W., Zhao, F., Liu, J., & Zhang, W. (2025). Molecular Regulation of Antioxidant Defense and Metabolic Reprogramming in Xiaozhan Rice Genotypes: Differential Roles of Salicylic Acid and Melatonin Under Salt Stress. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 47(6), 432. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47060432

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