Anxiety and Comorbidities Differences in Adults with Chronic Pulmonary Diseases: Serbian Single Center Experience
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Group
2.2. Anxiety Assessment
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Group 1 N = 120 | Group 2 N = 74 | Group 3 N = 38 | Group 4 N = 40 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) (MV ± SD) | 66.22 ± 3.14 | 60.78 ± 2.99 | 54.24 ± 4.14 | 58.68 ± 4.09 |
Female/Male N (%) | 51/69 (42.5%/57.5%) | 31/43 (41.9%/58.1%) | 23/15 (60.5%/39.5%) | 16/24 (40%/60%) |
Smoking (N%) | 110 (91.7%) | 67 (90.5%) | 14 (36.8%) | 36 (90%) |
Hypertension (N%) | 94 (78.3%) | 55 (74.3%) | 24 (63.2%) | 34 (85%) |
Obesity (N%) | 45 (37.5%) | 7 (9.5%) | 15 (39.5%) | 3 (7.5%) |
HAM-A Questions | Group-1 MV ± SD (95% CI) | Group-2 MV ± SD (95% CI) | Group-3 MV ± SD (95% CI) | Group-4 MV ± SD (95% CI) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anxious mood | 1.25 ± 1.18 (1.04–1.46) | 0.97 ± 1.01 (0.74–1.21) | 0.87 ± 0.93 (0.56–1.18) | 1.13 ± 1.11 (0.77–1.48) | 0.349 * |
Tension | 1.54 ± 1.13 (1.34–1.75) | 1.30 ± 0.98 (1.07–1.52) | 1.26 ± 1.03 (0.92–1.60) | 1.35 ± 1.21 (0.96–1.74) | 0.438 * |
Fears | 1.12 ± 1.15 (0.91–1.33) | 1.11 ± 1.09 (0.85–1.36) | 0.84 ± 1.05 (0.50–1.19) | 0.88 ± 0.97 (0.57–1.18) | 0.469 * |
Insomnia | 1.69 ± 1.24 (1.47–1.92) | 1.24 ± 1.14 (0.98–1.51) | 1.32 ± 1.23 (0.91–1.72) | 1.45 ± 1.15 (1.08–1.82) | 0.097 * |
Intellectual | 0.81 ± 1.06 (0.62–1.00) | 0.35 ± 0.75 (0.18–0.52) | 0.45 ± 0.80 (0.19–0.71) | 0.50 ± 0.85 (0.23–0.77) | 0.031 * |
Depressed mood | 1.28 ± 1.25 (1.06–1.51) | 0.86 ± 1.01 (0.63–1.10) | 1.00 ± 0.99 (0.68–1.32) | 0.85 ± 1.00 (0.53–1.17) | 0.112 * |
Somatic (muscular) | 1.03 ± 1.21 (0.81–1.25) | 0.46 ± 0.71 (0.30–0.62) | 0.71 ± 0.93 (0.41–1.02) | 0.85 ± 1.00 (0.53–1.17) | 0.031 * |
Somatic (sensory) | 0.66 ± 1.04 (0.47–0.85) | 0.34 ± 0.65 (0.19–0.49) | 0.42 ± 0.89 (0.13–0.71) | 0.65 ± 0.89 (0.36–0.94) | 0.252 * |
Cardiovascular symptoms | 1.48 ± 1.21 (1.26–1.69) | 0.65 ± 0.90 (0.44–0.86) | 0.74 ± 0.95 (0.42–1.05) | 0.98 ± 1.00 (0.66–1.29) | <0.001 * |
Respiratory symptoms | 2.37 ± 1.29 (2.13–2.60) | 1.11 ± 1.08 (0.86–1.36) | 1.11 ± 1.33 (0.67–1.54) | 1.68 ± 1.27 (1.27–2.08) | <0.001 * |
Gastrointestinal symptoms | 1.30 ± 1.24 (1.08–1.52) | 0.53 ± 0.78 (0.35–0.71) | 0.58 ± 0.98 (0.26–0.90) | 0.80 ± 1.02 (0.47–1.13) | <0.001 * |
Genitourinary symptoms | 0.67 ± 1.11 (0.47–0.87) | 0.32 ± 0.72 (0.16–0.49) | 0.39 ± 0.86 (0.11–0.68) | 0.48 ± 0.88 (0.19–0.76) | 0.342 * |
Autonomic symptoms | 0.64 ± 1.03 (0.46–0.83) | 0.26 ± 0.60 (0.12–0.40) | 0.55 ± 0.86 (0.27–0.84) | 0.45 ± 0.93 (0.15–0.75) | 0.134 * |
Behavior at interview | 0.78 ± 1.06 (0.58–0.97) | 0.62 ± 0.95 (0.40–0.84) | 0.47 ± 1.01 (0.14–0.80) | 0.58 ± 0.87 (0.30–0.85) | 0.411 * |
Psychic subscale | 8.47 ± 5.95 (7.39–9.54) | 6.46 ± 4.71 (5.37–7.55) | 6.21 ± 5.13 (4.52–7.90) | 6.73 ± 5.53 (4.96–8.49) | 0.029 ** |
Somatic subscale | 8.14 ± 5.62 (7.13–9.16) | 3.66 ± 3.73 (2.80–4.53) | 4.50 ± 5.18 (2.80–6.20) | 5.88 ± 5.23 (4.20–7.55) | <0.001 * |
Total score | 16.60 ± 10.55 (14.69–18.51) | 10.12 ± 7.06 (8.49–11.76) | 10.71 ± 9.68 (7.53–13.89) | 12.58 ± 9.98 (9.38–15.77) | <0.001 ** |
HAM-A Questions | Group-1/ Group-2 (p Value) | Group-1/ Group-3 (p Value) | Group-1/ Group-4 (p Value) | Group-2/ Group-3 (p Value) | Group-2/ Group-4 (p Value) | Group-3/ Group-4 (p Value) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intellectual | 0.003 * | 0.047 * | 0.078 * | 0.295 * | 0.198 * | 0.405 * |
Somatic (muscular) | 0.002 * | 0.113 * | 0.288 | 0.149 * | 0.038 * | 0.284 * |
Cardiovascular symptoms | <0.001 * | 0.001 * | 0.013 * | 0.337 * | 0.046 * | 0.142 * |
Respiratory symptoms | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | 0.002 * | 0.323 * | 0.013 * | 0.023 * |
Gastrointestinal symptoms | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | 0.017 * | 0.409 * | 0.136 * | 0.152 * |
Psychic subscale | 0.222 ** | 0.137 ** | 0.343 ** | 0.995 ** | 0.994 ** | 0.961 ** |
Somatic subscale | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | 0.015 * | 0.904 * | 0.024 * | 0.114 * |
Total score | 0.002 ** | 0.007 ** | 0.122 ** | 0.988 ** | 0.533 ** | 0.735 ** |
HAM-A Questions | Group-1 | Group-2 | Group-3 | Group-4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r * | p | r * | p | r * | p | r * | p | |
Anxious mood | 0.12 | 0.050 | −0.07 | 0.234 | −0.09 | 0.156 | 0.01 | 0.891 |
Tension | 0.11 | 0.072 | −0.06 | 0.306 | −0.05 | 0.378 | −0.02 | 0.716 |
Fears | 0.06 | 0.310 | 0.04 | 0.535 | −0.07 | 0.230 | −0.06 | 0.303 |
Insomnia | 0.15 | 0.011 | −0.12 | 0.047 | −0.06 | 0.364 | −0.01 | 0.859 |
Intellectual | 0.21 | <0.001 | −0.15 | 0.011 | −0.06 | 0.319 | −0.04 | 0.520 |
Depressed mood | 0.17 | 0.005 | −0.11 | 0.073 | −0.02 | 0.698 | −0.08 | 0.191 |
Somatic (muscular) | 0.19 | 0.001 | −0.20 | <0.001 | −0.04 | 0.549 | 0.02 | 0.770 |
Somatic (sensory) | 0.12 | 0.051 | −0.13 | 0.028 | −0.05 | 0.400 | 0.05 | 0.396 |
Cardiovascular symptoms | 0.32 | <0.001 | −0.23 | <0.001 | −0.12 | 0.046 | −0.04 | 0.549 |
Respiratory symptoms | 0.41 | <0.001 | −0.29 | <0.001 | −0.19 | 0.002 | −0.02 | 0.721 |
Gastrointestinal symptoms | 0.31 | <0.001 | −0.21 | <0.001 | −0.12 | 0.045 | −0.04 | 0.479 |
Genitourinary symptoms | 0.15 | 0.014 | −0.12 | 0.054 | −0.05 | 0.435 | −0.01 | 0.817 |
Autonomic symptoms | 0.14 | 0.018 | −0.16 | 0.007 | 0.03 | 0.679 | −0.02 | 0.725 |
Behavior at interview | 0.10 | 0.096 | −0.02 | 0.685 | −0.08 | 0.210 | −0.04 | 0.552 |
Psychic subscale | 0.18 | 0.003 | −0.10 | 0.105 | −0.08 | 0.171 | −0.05 | 0.440 |
Somatic subscale | 0.34 | <0.001 | −0.27 | <0.001 | −0.12 | 0.051 | −0.02 | 0.794 |
Total score | 0.29 | <0.001 | −0.21 | <0.001 | −0.11 | 0.070 | −0.04 | 0.564 |
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Mujovic, N.; Popovic, K.; Jankovic, J.; Popovac Mijatov, S.; Mujovic, N.; Bogdanovic, J.; Stjepanovic, M.; Nikcevic, L.; Radosavljevic, N.; Nikolic, D. Anxiety and Comorbidities Differences in Adults with Chronic Pulmonary Diseases: Serbian Single Center Experience. Medicina 2022, 58, 392. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030392
Mujovic N, Popovic K, Jankovic J, Popovac Mijatov S, Mujovic N, Bogdanovic J, Stjepanovic M, Nikcevic L, Radosavljevic N, Nikolic D. Anxiety and Comorbidities Differences in Adults with Chronic Pulmonary Diseases: Serbian Single Center Experience. Medicina. 2022; 58(3):392. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030392
Chicago/Turabian StyleMujovic, Natasa, Kristina Popovic, Jelena Jankovic, Snezana Popovac Mijatov, Nebojsa Mujovic, Jelena Bogdanovic, Mihailo Stjepanovic, Ljubica Nikcevic, Natasa Radosavljevic, and Dejan Nikolic. 2022. "Anxiety and Comorbidities Differences in Adults with Chronic Pulmonary Diseases: Serbian Single Center Experience" Medicina 58, no. 3: 392. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030392