Short-Term Effects of Manual Therapy plus Capacitive and Resistive Electric Transfer Therapy in Individuals with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Outcome Measures
2.3.1. Pain with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
2.3.2. Functional Ability with the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ)
2.3.3. Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) with Pressure Algometry
2.3.4. Lumbo-Pelvic Region Mobility with the Fingertip-to-Floor (FTF) Test
2.4. Experimental Protocols
2.4.1. Manual Therapy (MT) Protocol
2.4.2. Manual Therapy with TECAR (MT + TECAR) Protocol
2.4.3. Control
2.5. Sample Size Determination
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. NPRS Score
3.2. RMDQ Score
3.3. PPT of L4-L5 Paraspinal Intervertebral Space
3.4. Sacroiliac Joint PPT
3.5. Quadratus Lumborum Muscle PPT
3.6. FTF Test Score
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Demographics | Group 1 (MT) | Group 2 (MT + TECAR)) | Group 3 (Control) |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 37.85 (2.62) | 39.20 (2.63) | 38.10 (2.36) |
Sex (Men/Women) | 35% (n = 7) Men | 30% (n = 6) Men | 35% (n = 7) Men |
65% (n = 13) Woman | 70% (n = 14) Woman | 65% (n = 13) Woman | |
Affected side (Right/Left/Both) | 60% (n = 12) Right | 70% (n = 14) Right | 75% (n = 15) Right |
25% (n = 5) Left | 20% (n = 4) Left | 20% (n = 4) Left | |
15% (n = 3) Both | 10% (n = 2) Both | 5% (n = 1) Both | |
Symptoms Duration (months) (3–6/6–12/More than 12) | 30% (n = 6) 3–6 | 35% (n = 7) 3–6 | 40% (n = 8) 3–6 |
50% (n = 10) 6–12 | 40% (n = 8) 6–12 | 40% (n = 8) 6–12 | |
20% (n = 4) More than 12 | 25% (n = 5) More than 12 | 20% (n = 4) More than 12 | |
Previous Physiotherapy (Yes/No) | 80% (n = 16) Yes | 85% (n = 17) Yes | 85% (n = 17) Yes |
20% (n = 4) No | 15% (n = 3) No | 15% (n = 3) No |
Baseline | Week 2 | 1-Month Follow-Up | |
---|---|---|---|
NPRS score (SD) | |||
Group 1 (MT) | 6.10 (1.33) | 4.10 (1.11) | 3.95 (0.99) |
Group 2 (MT + TECAR) | 6.05 (1.39) | 3.20 (1.24) | 3.30 (1.08) |
Group 3 (Control) | 5.95 (1.39) | 5.50 (1.14) | 6.25 (1.02) |
p-Value (Interaction) | <0.001 | ||
0.02 | |||
0.00 | |||
p-Value (between groups) | p a,b,c > 0.05 | p a,b,c.* | p b,c. * |
RMDQ score (SD) | |||
Group 1 (MT) | 11.40 (1.42) | 7.25 (2.69) | 8.80 (2.96) |
Group 2 (MT + TECAR) | 11.75 (1.94) | 5.65 (2.90) | 6.10 (2.90) |
Group 3 (Control) | 11.80 (1.67) | 10.95 (1.82) | 12.65 (1.81) |
p-Value (Interaction) | <0.001 | ||
p-Value (between groups) | p a,b,c > 0.05 | p b,c. * | p a,b,c. * |
L4-L5 paraspinal intervertebral space PPT, kg/cm2 Right | |||
Group 1 (MT) | 4.10 (1.57) | 5.64 (1.76) | 5.14 (1.57) |
Group 2 (MT + TECAR) | 3.99 (1.24) | 6.03 (1.31) | 6.07 (1.28) |
Group 3 (Control) | 4.06 (1.27) | 4.38 (1.31) | 4.33 (1.27) |
p-Value (Interaction) | <0.001 | ||
0.00 | |||
0.00 | |||
p-Value (between groups) | p a,b,c > 0.05 | p b,c.* | p c * |
L4-L5 paraspinal intervertebral space PPT, kg/cm2 Left | |||
Group 1 (MT) | 4.50 (1.45) | 5.34 (1.51) | 5.10 (1.53) |
Group 2 (MT + TECAR) | 4.74 (0.86) | 6.38 (0.69) | 6.28 (0.69) |
Group 3 (Control) | 4.48 (1.23) | 4.72 (1.21) | 4.25 (0.98) |
p-Value (Interaction) | <0.001 | ||
p-Value (between groups) | p a,b,c > 0.05 | p a,c.* | p a,c.* |
Sacroiliac joint PPT, kg/cm2 Right | |||
Group 1 (MT) | 3.83 (1.05) | 4.82 (1.07) | 4.57 (1.07) |
Group 2 (MT + TECAR) | 3.93 (1.11) | 5.46 (1.10) | 5.36 (1.13) |
Group 3 (Control) | 3.98 (0.89) | 4.10 (0.90) | 4.00 (0.91) |
p-Value (Interaction) | <0.001 | ||
p-Value (between groups) | p a,b,c > 0.05 | p c. * | p c. * |
Sacroiliac joint PPT, kg/cm2 Left | |||
Sacroiliac joint PPT, kg/cm2 Right | |||
Group 1 (MT) | 4.23 (1.31) | 5.19 (1.26) | 4.94 (1.17) |
Group 2 (MT + TECAR) | 4.31 (1.10) | 5.63 (1.18) | 5.44 (1.19) |
Group 3 (Control) | 4.23 (1.01) | 4.41 (1.06) | 4.35 (1.01) |
p-Value (Interaction) | <0.001 | ||
p-Value (Interaction) | |||
<0.001 | |||
p-Value (between groups) | p a,b,c > 0.05 | p c. * | p c. * |
Quadratus lumborum muscle PPT, kg/cm2 Right | |||
Group 1 (MT) | 4.05 (0.89) | 4.86 (0.98) | 4.76 (0.94) |
Group 2 (MT + TECAR) | 3.83 (1.21) | 5.36 (1.16) | 5.29 (1.13) |
Group 3 (Control) | 3.76 (1.00) | 4.06 (0.86) | 3.97 (0.85) |
p-Value (Interaction) | < 0.001 | ||
p-Value (Interaction) | |||
< 0.001 | |||
p-Value (between groups) | p a,b,c > 0.05 | p b,c.* | p b,c.* |
Quadratus lumborum muscle PPT, kg/cm2 Left | |||
Quadratus lumborum muscle PPT, kg/cm2 Right | |||
Quadratus lumborum muscle PPT, kg/cm2 Right | |||
Quadratus lumborum muscle PPT, kg/cm2 Right | |||
Group 1 (MT) | 4.27 (1.04) | 5.12 (0.96) | 4.98 (0.97) |
Group 2 (MT + TECAR) | 4.09 (0.92) | 5.67 (0.97) | 5.52 (0.93) |
Group 3 (Control) | 4.00 (0.94) | 4.19 (0.89) | 4.04 (0.84) |
p-Value (Interaction) | <0.001 | ||
p-Value (Interaction) | |||
p-Value (Interaction) | |||
p-Value (between groups) | p a,b,c > 0.05 | p b,c.* | p b,c.* |
FTF test score | |||
Group 1 (MT) | 15.80 (4.39) | 11.50 (4.05) | 13.50 (4.09) |
Group 2 (MT + TECAR) | 15.70 (2.13) | 6.45 (1.50) | 7.15 (1.89) |
Group 3 (Control) | 15.50 (2.62)) | 14.50 (2.80) | 15.35 (4.00) |
p-Value (Interaction) | >0.001 | ||
p-Value (between groups) | p a,b,c > 0.05 | p a,b,c.* | p a,c. * |
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Kasimis, K.; Iakovidis, P.; Lytras, D.; Koutras, G.; Chatziprodromidou, I.P.; Fetlis, A.; Ntinou, S.R.; Keklikoglou, N.-M.; Samiotaki, A.; Chasapis, G.; et al. Short-Term Effects of Manual Therapy plus Capacitive and Resistive Electric Transfer Therapy in Individuals with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study. Medicina 2023, 59, 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59071275
Kasimis K, Iakovidis P, Lytras D, Koutras G, Chatziprodromidou IP, Fetlis A, Ntinou SR, Keklikoglou N-M, Samiotaki A, Chasapis G, et al. Short-Term Effects of Manual Therapy plus Capacitive and Resistive Electric Transfer Therapy in Individuals with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study. Medicina. 2023; 59(7):1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59071275
Chicago/Turabian StyleKasimis, Konstantinos, Paris Iakovidis, Dimitrios Lytras, Georgios Koutras, Ioanna P. Chatziprodromidou, Antonis Fetlis, Stefania Rafailia Ntinou, Natalia-Maria Keklikoglou, Antigoni Samiotaki, Georgios Chasapis, and et al. 2023. "Short-Term Effects of Manual Therapy plus Capacitive and Resistive Electric Transfer Therapy in Individuals with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study" Medicina 59, no. 7: 1275. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59071275