Glutamic-Alanine Rich Glycoprotein from Undaria pinnatifida: A Promising Natural Anti-Inflammatory Agent
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Cell Viability and Inhibitory Effect of GP on NO and PEG2 in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 and Peritoneal Cells
2.2. GP Reduces LPS-Induced iNOS and COX-2 in Macrophages
2.3. Cytokine Expression and Secretion in Macrophage Cultures
2.4. Effects of GP on NF-κB Activation Pathway in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages
2.5. GP Attenuates LPS-Induced Activation of MAPK Pathways
2.6. Effects in Models of Paw Inflammation and Ear Edema
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Reagents and Chemicals
4.2. GP Production and Purification
4.3. Cell Culture and Cell Viability
4.4. Measurement of Cytokines, NO, and PGE2
4.5. Western Blotting, RT-PCR, and the NF-κB Reporter Assay
4.6. Carrageenan-Induced Inflammation and Xylene-Induced Ear Edema Animal Models
4.7. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Rahman, M.S.; Alam, M.B.; Naznin, M.; Madina, M.H.; Rafiquzzaman, S.M. Glutamic-Alanine Rich Glycoprotein from Undaria pinnatifida: A Promising Natural Anti-Inflammatory Agent. Mar. Drugs 2024, 22, 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/md22090383
Rahman MS, Alam MB, Naznin M, Madina MH, Rafiquzzaman SM. Glutamic-Alanine Rich Glycoprotein from Undaria pinnatifida: A Promising Natural Anti-Inflammatory Agent. Marine Drugs. 2024; 22(9):383. https://doi.org/10.3390/md22090383
Chicago/Turabian StyleRahman, Md Saifur, Md Badrul Alam, Marufa Naznin, Mst Hur Madina, and S. M. Rafiquzzaman. 2024. "Glutamic-Alanine Rich Glycoprotein from Undaria pinnatifida: A Promising Natural Anti-Inflammatory Agent" Marine Drugs 22, no. 9: 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/md22090383