Hepatic and Nephric NRF2 Pathway Up-Regulation, an Early Antioxidant Response, in Acute Arsenic-Exposed Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Reagents and Chemicals
2.2. Animals and Experimental Procedures
2.3. Calculation of the Liver and Kidney Indexes
2.4. Determination of Tissue Arsenic Levels in Liver and Kidney
2.5. Western Blot Analysis
2.6. Total RNA Isolation and Real-Time PCR Analysis
2.7. Analysis of GSH Levels in the Liver and Kidney
2.8. Analysis of Lipid Peroxidation and T-AOC in the Liver and Kidney
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. T-As Concentrations, as Well as the Indexes of Liver and Kidney in Control and Acute Arsenic-Exposed Mice
NaAsO2 (mg/kg) | T-As in Liver | T-As in Kidney | Liver Index (%) | Kidney Index (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | < LD | < LD | 5.36 ± 0.39 | 1.21 ± 0.07 |
5 | 359.86 ± 28.59 | 1165 ± 303.00 | 5.05 ± 0.34 | 1.17 ± 0.14 |
10 | 1033.09 ± 106.66 * | 1816 ± 279.8 * | 4.49 ± 0.20 | 1.14 ± 0.10 |
20 | 3075.36 ± 485.11 *,# | 2332 ± 174.60 * | 5.22 ± 0.28 | 1.27 ± 0.10 |
3.2. Up-Regulation of Nuclear Factor NRF2 both in the Liver and Kidney of Control and Acute Arsenic-Exposed Mice
3.3. Up-Regulation of NRF2 Downstream Targets both in the Liver and Kidney of Control and Acute Arsenic-Exposed Mice
3.4. Acute NaAsO2 Exposure Results in Oxidative Stress both in the Liver and Kidney
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Li, J.; Duan, X.; Dong, D.; Zhang, Y.; Li, W.; Zhao, L.; Nie, H.; Sun, G.; Li, B. Hepatic and Nephric NRF2 Pathway Up-Regulation, an Early Antioxidant Response, in Acute Arsenic-Exposed Mice. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 12628-12642. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121012628
Li J, Duan X, Dong D, Zhang Y, Li W, Zhao L, Nie H, Sun G, Li B. Hepatic and Nephric NRF2 Pathway Up-Regulation, an Early Antioxidant Response, in Acute Arsenic-Exposed Mice. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(10):12628-12642. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121012628
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Jinlong, Xiaoxu Duan, Dandan Dong, Yang Zhang, Wei Li, Lu Zhao, Huifang Nie, Guifan Sun, and Bing Li. 2015. "Hepatic and Nephric NRF2 Pathway Up-Regulation, an Early Antioxidant Response, in Acute Arsenic-Exposed Mice" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 10: 12628-12642. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121012628