Self-Certified Sickness Absence among Young Municipal Employees—Changes from 2002 to 2016 and Occupational Class Differences
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Sickness Absence
2.3. Occupational Class
2.4. Statistical Methods
3. Results
3.1. Changes in the Sickness Absence Trends
3.2. The Magnitude of Socioeconomic Differences
4. Discussion
Methodological Considerations
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Year | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
2002 | 2009 | 2016 | ||
Women, n | All | 8789 | 9225 | 8926 |
Managers and professionals, % | 12.1 | 12.7 | 11.5 | |
Semi-professionals, % | 23.7 | 23.0 | 30.2 | |
Routine non-manuals, % | 51.0 | 52.3 | 48.9 | |
Manual workers, % | 13.1 | 12.1 | 9.4 | |
Women, SA * spells | Managers and professionals | 146 | 187 | 175 |
(/100 person-years) | Semi-professionals | 230 | 249 | 253 |
Routine non-manuals | 278 | 319 | 307 | |
Manual workers | 275 | 270 | 258 | |
Women, SA * days | Managers and professionals | 237 | 313 | 295 |
(/100 person-years) | Semi-professionals | 401 | 450 | 455 |
Routine non-manuals | 507 | 591 | 578 | |
Manual workers | 518 | 523 | 490 | |
Men, n | All | 2742 | 3065 | 2743 |
Managers and professionals, % | 13.9 | 13.6 | 14.9 | |
Semi-professionals, % | 13.5 | 12.7 | 17.8 | |
Routine non-manuals, % | 31.4 | 32.0 | 36.2 | |
Manual workers, % | 41.3 | 41.7 | 31.2 | |
Men, SA * spells | Managers and professionals | 97 | 120 | 124 |
(/100 person-years) | Semi-professionals | 176 | 191 | 203 |
Routine non-manuals | 236 | 283 | 281 | |
Manual workers | 198 | 191 | 218 | |
Men, SA * days | Managers and professionals | 160 | 209 | 223 |
(/100 person-years) | Semi-professionals | 304 | 355 | 369 |
Routine non-manuals | 427 | 526 | 531 | |
Manual workers | 389 | 405 | 419 |
Women | Men | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Identified Periods (Turning Points) | Annual % Change (95% CI) | Identified Periods (Turning Points) | Annual % Change (95% CI) | |
Self-certified sickness absence spells | ||||
Managers and professionals | 2002–2004 2004–2007 2007–2016 | −3.7 (−26.3, 25.9) 13.4 (−11.0, 44.6) −3.5 (−5.7, −1.2) | 2002–2016 | 2.7 (0.0, 5.4) |
Semi-professionals | 2002–2010 2010–2013 2013–2016 | 2.0 (0.4, 3.5) −4.6 (−15.4, 7.5) 3.2 (−2.9, 9.6) | 2002–2007 2007–2016 | 6.5 (−4.2, 18.5) −1.4 (−5.1, 2.6) |
Routine non-manuals | 2002–2008 2008–2016 | 2.7 (0.9, 4.5) −1.1 (−2.1, 0.0) | 2002–2004 2004–2009 2009–2014 2014–2016 | −2.0 (−6.2, 2.4) 5.0 (3.6, 6.4) −2.3 (−3.4, −1.2) 4.1 (0.5, 7.9) |
Manual workers | 2002–2016 | −0.9 (−1.7, 0.0) | 2002–2014 2014–2016 | −1.7 (−2.7, −0.8) 10.0 (−10.0, 34.5) |
Self-certified sickness absence days | ||||
Managers and professionals | 2002–2008 2008–2013 2013–2016 | 7.0 (0.3, 14.2) −5.7 (−15.0, 4.6) 4.5 (−14.7, 28.0) | 2002–2016 | 3.5 (1.0, 6.2) |
Semi-professionals | 2002–2010 2010–2013 2013–2016 | 2.5 (1.2, 3.9) −4.8 (−13.9, 5.2) 3.5 (−1.7, 8.8) | 2002–2007 2007–2016 | 8.8 (−2.5, 21.3) −1.2 (−4.9, 2.8) |
Routine non-manuals | 2002–2008 2008–2016 | 2.9 (1,2, 4,7) −0.7 (−1,7, 0,3) | 2002–2010 2010–2014 2014–2016 | 3.7 (2.0, 5.4) −2.8 (−8.8, 3.6) 4.8 (−7.6, 18.9) |
Manual workers | 2002–2014 2014–2016 | −0.9 (−2.0, 0.1) 3.4 (−16.4, 28.0) | 2002–2011 2011–2014 2014–2016 | 0.6 (−0.5, 1.7) −10.3 (−20.1, 0.7) 17.1 (0.6, 36.3) |
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Sumanen, H.; Pietiläinen, O.; Mänty, M. Self-Certified Sickness Absence among Young Municipal Employees—Changes from 2002 to 2016 and Occupational Class Differences. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 1131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14101131
Sumanen H, Pietiläinen O, Mänty M. Self-Certified Sickness Absence among Young Municipal Employees—Changes from 2002 to 2016 and Occupational Class Differences. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 14(10):1131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14101131
Chicago/Turabian StyleSumanen, Hilla, Olli Pietiläinen, and Minna Mänty. 2017. "Self-Certified Sickness Absence among Young Municipal Employees—Changes from 2002 to 2016 and Occupational Class Differences" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 10: 1131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14101131