Associations between Community Environmental-Level Factors and Diet Quality in Geographically Isolated Australian Communities
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | Discretionary Foods (% Energy) | Sugar Sweetened Beverages (% Energy) | Fruits and Vegetables (% Quantity) | Percent Estimated Average Requirement for Energy | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (SHOP@RIC and EnRICH common communities) | 13 | 40.6 ± 2.9 | 7.4 ± 1.2 | 9.7 ± 2.0 | 103.9 ± 13.1 |
Total (All SHOP@RIC communities) | 20 | 41.2 ± 2.5 | 8.1 ± 1.7 | 9.3 ± 2.0 | 94.3 ± 18.2 |
Distance to neighbouring store (km) | |||||
<82 | 10 | 42.1 ± 2.7 | 9.1 ± 1.6 | 9.0 ± 2.6 | 82.2 ± 15.0 |
≥82 | 10 | 40.3 ± 2.0 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | 9.6 ± 1.3 | 106.4 ± 12.1 |
p-value 1 | 0.10 | <0.01 | 0.53 | <0.001 | |
Correlation coefficient 2 | 16 | r = −0.45, p < 0.05 | r = −0.61, p < 0.01 | r = 0.15, p = 0.54 | r = 0.67, p < 0.001 |
Frequency of food delivery | |||||
Weekly | 12 | 40.8 ± 2.6 | 8.3 ± 2.0 | 9.3 ± 2.1 | 93.7 ± 19.6 |
Fortnightly | 7 | 42.0 ± 2.6 | 7.9 ± 0.9 | 9.2 ± 2.3 | 97.8 ± 16.8 |
p-value 1 | 0.32 | 0.69 | 0.92 | 0.61 | |
Correlation coefficient 2 | 19 | r = 0.24, p = 0.32 | r = −0.10, p = 0.69 | r = −0.03, p = 0.92 | r = 0.13, p = 0.61 |
Percent Indigenous unemployment (%) | |||||
<7.3 | 6 | 39.6 ± 2.7 | 7.8 ± 0.6 | 10.5 ± 1.2 | 107.1 ± 11.3 |
≥7.3 | 7 | 41.5 ± 2.9 | 7.0 ± 1.5 | 9.1 ± 2.5 | 101.2 ± 14.7 |
p-value 1 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.44 | |
Correlation coefficient 2 | 13 | r = 0.10, p = 0.75 | r = −0.62, p = 0.02 | r = −0.26, p = 0.38 | r = −0.16, p = 0.61 |
Median Indigenous household income ($/week) | |||||
<1187 | 7 | 40.6 ± 3.0 | 7.5 ± 1.0 | 10.8 ± 1.1 | 102.6 ± 9.4 |
≥1187 | 6 | 40.6 ± 3.0 | 7.1 ± 1.4 | 8.5 ± 2.3 | 105.4 ± 17.3 |
p-value 1 | 0.99 | 0.55 | 0.04 | 0.83 | |
Correlation coefficient 2 | 13 | r = −0.16, p = 0.60 | r = −0.52, p = 0.07 | r = −0.42, p = 0.15 | r = 0.16, p = 0.60 |
Percent of dwellings needing extra bedroom/s (%) | |||||
<60 | 5 | 39.9 ± 3.6 | 8.1 ± 0.7 | 10.8 ± 0.9 | 105.2 ± 11.7 |
≥60 | 8 | 41.0 ± 2.5 | 6.9 ± 1.2 | 9.1 ± 2.3 | 103.1 ± 14.6 |
p-value 1 | 0.52 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 0.77 | |
Correlation coefficient 2 | 13 | r = −0.36, p = 0.91 | r = −0.55, p < 0.05 | r = −0.39, p = 0.19 | r = 0.07, p = 0.82 |
Percent Indigenous educated to school year 9+ (%) | |||||
<46 | 6 | 41.4 ± 3.7 | 7.7 ± 1.4 | 10.0 ± 2.7 | 100.5 ± 15.5 |
≥46 | 7 | 39.9 ± 1.9 | 7.1 ± 1.0 | 9.5 ± 1.5 | 106.9 ± 11.0 |
p-value 1 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.65 | 0.39 | |
Correlation coefficient 2 | 13 | r = −0.16, p = 0.61 | r = −0.83, p = 0.79 | r = 0.29, p = 0.34 | r = 0.25, p = 0.41 |
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Wycherley, T.P.; van der Pols, J.C.; Daniel, M.; Howard, N.J.; O’Dea, K.; Brimblecombe, J.K. Associations between Community Environmental-Level Factors and Diet Quality in Geographically Isolated Australian Communities. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111943
Wycherley TP, van der Pols JC, Daniel M, Howard NJ, O’Dea K, Brimblecombe JK. Associations between Community Environmental-Level Factors and Diet Quality in Geographically Isolated Australian Communities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(11):1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111943
Chicago/Turabian StyleWycherley, Thomas P., Jolieke C. van der Pols, Mark Daniel, Natasha J. Howard, Kerin O’Dea, and Julie K. Brimblecombe. 2019. "Associations between Community Environmental-Level Factors and Diet Quality in Geographically Isolated Australian Communities" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11: 1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111943