Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) Distribution on Size-Fractioned Soil Humic Substance (SHS)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Method and Material
2.1. Site Description and Soil Sampling, Treatment, and Measurement
2.2. HS Extraction and Separation
2.3. Dissolved Organic Carbon and Metals Measurement
2.4. UV-Vis and Fluorescent Measurement
2.5. Optical Index and Metal Binding Affinity Calculation
2.6. Statistic Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. UV-Vis and Fluorescent Index
3.2. Soil Properties and Metal Concentration
3.3. Metal and SHS C Content and Distribution between HMHS and LMHS
3.4. [Me]/[DOC] Ratio
3.5. Correlation between [Me]/[DOC] Ratios and Optical Indices
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Samples | SUVA254 (L/mg-C/m) | SR * | FI * |
---|---|---|---|
BHS | 3.06 ± 1.32 | 0.52 ± 0.16 | 1.63 ± 0.13 |
HMHS | 3.16 ± 1.63 | 0.54 ± 0.18 | 1.57 ± 0.15 |
LMHS | 2.65 ± 1.25 | 0.40 ± 0.17 | 1.68 ± 0.12 |
Cu | Cd | Cr | Ni | Zn | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 9.89 ± 0.69 | 0.473 ± 0.022 | 19.3 ± 2.4 | 19.6 ± 1.8 | 73.2 ± 28.5 |
BHS | 1.19 ± 0.40 | 0.073 ± 0.026 | 0.06 ± 0.04 | 0.21 ± 0.08 | 0.36 ± 0.50 |
Samples | DOC (mg/L) | Cd (μg/L) | Ni (μg/L) |
---|---|---|---|
BHS | (33.9 ± 12.4) a | (3.65 ± 1.29) a, 1.04 ± 0.38 b | (10.4 ± 3.8) a; 5.81 ± 2.38 b |
HMHS | (12.2 ± 6.1, 44%) a | (0.55 ± 0.25, 17%) a; 0.41 ± 0.09 b | (5.1 ± 2.6, 58%) a; 7.29 ± 2.27 b |
LMHS | (17.2 ± 10.3, 56%) a | (2.61 ± 0.74, 83%) a; 1.82 ± 0.95 b | (3.6 ± 2.1, 42%) a; 4.22 ± 2.38 b |
Mass balance | 90 ± 26% | 89 ± 14% | 83 ± 14% |
Samples | DOC | SUVA254 | SR | FI |
---|---|---|---|---|
[Cd]/[DOC]Bulk (n = 24) | −0.67 *** | 0.49 * | 0.50 * | −0.22 |
[Ni]/[DOC]Bulk (n = 24) | −0.68 *** | 0.49 * | 0.45 * | −0.21 |
[Cd]/[DOC]LMHS (n = 24) | −0.85 *** | 0.86 *** | 0.61 *** | −0.51 ** |
[Ni]/[DOC]LMHS (n = 24) | −0.48 * | 0.68 *** | 0.68 *** | −0.14 |
[Cd]/[DOC]HMHS (n = 24) | −0.37 | 0.06 | −0.15 | 0.22 |
[Ni]/[DOC]HMHS (n = 24) | −0.18 | −0.05 | 0.29 | −0.16 |
[Cd]/[DOC]Total (n = 72) | −0.248 * | 0.233 * | 0.021 | 0.114 |
[Ni]/[DOC]Total (n = 72) | −0.361 ** | 0.346 ** | 0.568 *** | −0.263 * |
Fitting Equations | R | p |
---|---|---|
[Cd]/[DOC] = −4.825 − 1.601 × SR + 0.533 × SUVA254 + 3.159 × FI | 0.509 | <0.001 |
[Cd]/[DOC] = −3.838 − 1.767 × SR + 0.515 × SUVA254 + 2.762 × FI − 0.0104 × [DOC] | 0.535 | <0.001 |
[Ni]/[DOC] = −10.936 +16.469 × SR − 0.668 × SUVA254 + 6.635 × FI | 0.652 | <0.001 |
[Ni]/[DOC] = −5.497 + 15.554 × SR − 0.769 × SUVA254 + 4.476 × FI − 0.0573 × [DOC] | 0.712 | <0.001 |
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Hsieh, S.-H.; Chiu, T.-P.; Huang, W.-S.; Chen, T.-C.; Yeh, Y.-L. Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) Distribution on Size-Fractioned Soil Humic Substance (SHS). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 3398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183398
Hsieh S-H, Chiu T-P, Huang W-S, Chen T-C, Yeh Y-L. Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) Distribution on Size-Fractioned Soil Humic Substance (SHS). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(18):3398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183398
Chicago/Turabian StyleHsieh, Sheng-Hsien, Teng-Pao Chiu, Wei-Shiang Huang, Ting-Chien Chen, and Yi-Lung Yeh. 2019. "Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) Distribution on Size-Fractioned Soil Humic Substance (SHS)" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 18: 3398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183398