Perception and Attitude about Child Sexual Abuse among Vietnamese School-Age Children
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Sampling Procedure
2.2. Data Measurements
2.3. Data Analysis
2.4. Ethics Approval
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Male | Female | Total | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
Total | 331 | 41.4 | 469 | 58.6 | 800 | 100.0 | |
Grade | |||||||
4th | 58 | 17.8 | 82 | 17.5 | 141 | 17.6 | 0.08 |
5th | 67 | 20.2 | 74 | 15.8 | 141 | 17.6 | |
6th | 57 | 17.2 | 61 | 13.0 | 118 | 14.8 | |
7th | 56 | 16.9 | 91 | 19.4 | 147 | 18.4 | |
8th | 49 | 14.8 | 71 | 15.1 | 120 | 15.0 | |
9th | 43 | 13.0 | 90 | 19.2 | 133 | 16.6 | |
People living with | |||||||
Father | 302 | 91.2 | 442 | 90.0 | 724 | 90.5 | 0.55 |
Mother | 316 | 95.5 | 459 | 97.9 | 775 | 96.9 | 0.06 |
Grandfather | 77 | 23.3 | 98 | 20.9 | 175 | 21.9 | 0.43 |
Grandmother | 114 | 34.4 | 136 | 29.0 | 250 | 31.3 | 0.10 |
Other relatives | 31 | 9.4 | 31 | 6.6 | 62 | 7.8 | 0.15 |
Other people (not family or relatives) | 18 | 5.4 | 7 | 1.5 | 25 | 3.1 | <0.01 |
Living location | |||||||
Urban | 90 | 27.2 | 160 | 34.1 | 250 | 31.3 | 0.10 |
Rural | 150 | 45.3 | 200 | 42.6 | 350 | 43.7 | |
Mountainous | 91 | 27.5 | 109 | 23.3 | 200 | 25.0 |
Characteristics | Male | Female | Total | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
Possible victims of child sexual abuse | |||||||
Boys cannot be victims of child sexual abuse | 243 | 73.4 | 385 | 82.1 | 628 | 78.5 | <0.01 |
Only girls can be victims of child sexual abuse | 246 | 74.3 | 386 | 82.3 | 632 | 79.0 | 0.02 |
Possible child sexual abuse offenders | |||||||
Teachers would not be child sexual abuse offenders | 160 | 48.3 | 303 | 64.6 | 463 | 57.9 | <0.01 |
Just be wary of strangers because they are a big risk that can harm children | 206 | 62.2 | 344 | 73.4 | 550 | 68.8 | <0.01 |
Relatives never commit child sexual abuse | 222 | 67.1 | 370 | 78.9 | 592 | 74.0 | <0.01 |
Possible places and times of child sexual abuse | |||||||
Children are at risk of sexual abuse at night and in places with few people | 263 | 79.5 | 381 | 81.2 | 644 | 80.5 | 0.47 |
Residential areas, amusement parks, etc. are places where children are at risk of sexual abuse | 183 | 55.3 | 261 | 55.7 | 444 | 55.5 | 0.39 |
School is a place where there is no possibility of sexual abuse of children | 163 | 49.2 | 283 | 60.3 | 446 | 55.8 | <0.01 |
Child sexual abuse cannot occur in the family | 171 | 51.7 | 299 | 63.8 | 470 | 58.8 | <0.01 |
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
Perception score (per 10 points) | 6.2 | 2.7 | 7.1 | 2.5 | 6.8 | 2.6 | <0.01 |
Characteristics | Male | Female | Total | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
A teacher wants to touch child’s body for a high score | |||||||
Agree | 3 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.2 | 4 | 0.5 | 0.17 |
Disagree | 328 | 99.1 | 468 | 99.8 | 796 | 99.5 | |
Friends/neighbors want to tell stories that related to touch, kiss, hug, etc. | |||||||
Agree | 21 | 6.3 | 23 | 4.9 | 44 | 5.5 | 0.38 |
Disagree | 310 | 93.7 | 446 | 95.1 | 756 | 94.5 | |
Parents’ friends promise to take out if agreeing to see the picture related to sex | |||||||
Agree | 10 | 3.0 | 11 | 2.4 | 21 | 2.6 | 0.56 |
Disagree | 321 | 97.0 | 458 | 97.6 | 779 | 97.4 | |
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
Attitude score | 9.7 | 1.1 | 9.8 | 1.0 | 9.7 | 1.0 | 0.15 |
Characteristics | Perception about Child Sexual Abuse | Attitude toward Child Sexual Abuse | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Coef. | 95%CI | Coef. | 95%CI | |
Gender (Female vs. Male) | 0.8 *** | 0.3; 1.2 | 1.5 * | −0.3; 3.3 |
Grade (vs. 4th) | ||||
5th | 1.1 *** | 0.4; 1.8 | 3.0 ** | 0.3; 5.8 |
6th | 1.5 *** | 0.8; 2.2 | 5.1 *** | 1.5; 8.6 |
7th | 1.7 *** | 1.0; 2.4 | ||
8th | 1.7 *** | 0.9; 2.4 | ||
9th | 2.6 *** | 1.9; 3.3 | ||
Living with other people (not family or relatives) (Yes vs. No) | 2.0 *** | 0.9; 3.2 | ||
Living location (vs Urban) | ||||
Rural | −0.9 *** | −1.4; −0.4 | ||
Mountainous | −1.7 *** | −2.3; −1.2 | 1.6 | −0.6; 3.7 |
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Share and Cite
Do, H.N.; Nguyen, H.Q.T.; Nguyen, L.T.T.; Nguyen, H.D.; Bui, T.P.; Phan, N.T.; Do, H.T.T.; Ha, G.H.; Phan, H.T.; Nguyen, T.H.T.; et al. Perception and Attitude about Child Sexual Abuse among Vietnamese School-Age Children. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 3973. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203973
Do HN, Nguyen HQT, Nguyen LTT, Nguyen HD, Bui TP, Phan NT, Do HTT, Ha GH, Phan HT, Nguyen THT, et al. Perception and Attitude about Child Sexual Abuse among Vietnamese School-Age Children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(20):3973. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203973
Chicago/Turabian StyleDo, Ha Ngoc, Hoa Quynh Thi Nguyen, Linh Thuy Thi Nguyen, Hiep Duy Nguyen, Thanh Phuong Bui, Nguyet Thanh Phan, Hang Thu Thi Do, Giang Hai Ha, Hai Thanh Phan, Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen, and et al. 2019. "Perception and Attitude about Child Sexual Abuse among Vietnamese School-Age Children" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 20: 3973. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203973