Associations of Sedentary Behavior with Physical Fitness and Academic Performance among Chinese Students Aged 8–19 Years
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Questionnaire of Sedentary Behavior
2.3. Physical Fitness Measurements
2.4. Academic Performance Measurements
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
List of Abbreviations
SB | Sedentary Behavior |
METs | Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks |
MVPA | Moderate or Vigorous Physical Activity |
TV | Television |
BMI | Body Mass Index |
References
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No. | Items | Do You Participate in This Activity? | How Much Time Do You Participate in This Activity? | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Monday–Friday | Saturday–Sunday | |||
1 | Television or video viewing | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
2 | Playing for recreation or leisure on a Cell phone or tablet | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
3 | Playing for recreation or leisure on a computer | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
4 | Computer use for homework | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
5 | Doing homework not using computer | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
6 | Attending extracurricular classes | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
7 | Reading for fun or interest | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
8 | Transportation by car or bus or train | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
9 | Talking on the phone or sit around | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
10 | Others such as practicing musical instruments, calligraphy/painting, making crafts, listening to music, etc. | ☐Yes ☐No | hours minutes | hours minutes |
Variables | Girls M (SD) | Boys M (SD) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
n | 541 (52.02) | 499 (47.98) | |
Age, years | 15.02 (2.50) | 14.76 (2.53) | 0.089 |
Height, cm | 159.76 (6.08) | 167.96 (9.60) | <0.001 |
Weight, kg | 51.27 (9.29) | 58.91 (13.85) | <0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 19.96 (3.04) | 20.76 (3.81) | <0.001 |
Sedentary behavior, hours/week | |||
Screen-based SB | 6.56 (5.99) | 7.96 (8.66) | 0.002 |
Weekday | 1.10 (2.13) | 1.55 (3.75) | 0.016 |
Weekend | 5.45 (5.01) | 6.40 (6.06) | 0.006 |
Study-based SB | 17.62 (10.89) | 16.54 (12.15) | 0.130 |
Weekday | 11.54 (8.69) | 10.86 (9.67) | 0.233 |
Weekend | 6.09 (4.43) | 5.68 (4.46) | 0.140 |
Other SB | 9.78 (7.48) | 10.09 (10.16) | 0.569 |
Weekday | 4.42 (4.20) | 5.03 (7.28) | 0.093 |
Weekend | 5.37 (4.42) | 5.07 (4.95) | 0.100 |
Total SB | 33.96 (14.57) | 34.59 (18.71) | 0.541 |
Physical fitness | |||
Vital capacity, ml | 2743.17 (581.78) | 3555.39 (1034.32) | <0.001 |
Standing long jump, cm | 174.44 (21.49) | 213.79 (34.98) | <0.001 |
50 m run, seconds | 8.83 (0.70) | 7.83 (0.97) | <0.001 |
Flexibility, cm | 14.52 (7.03) | 9.13 (8.35) | <0.001 |
Sit-up, times | 39.15 (10.43) | / | / |
Pull-up, times | / | 4.60 (5.58) | / |
800 m, seconds | 228.90 (21.92) | / | / |
1000 m run, seconds | / | 253.87 (40.01) | / |
Academic Performance | |||
Chinese, scores | 80.45 (12.28) | 75.77 (13.54) | <0.001 |
Mathematics, scores | 70.71 (22.63) | 70.67 (24.68) | 0.984 |
English, scores | 80.62 (18.48) | 69.88 (21.82) | <0.001 |
Science, scores | 75.70 (31.70) | 76.57 (32.28) | 0.787 |
Models | Physical Fitness | Academic Performance | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Girls β (SE) | Boys β (SE) | Girls β (SE) | Boys β (SE) | |
Model 1 | ||||
Screen-based SB | −0.97 ‡ (0.22) | −0.66 † (0.25) | −1.57 ‡ (0.32) | −1.04 ‡ (0.21) |
Study-based SB | 0.33 * (0.13) | 0.93 ‡ (0.19) | 0.55 * (0.23) | 0.68 † (0.24) |
Other SB | 0.66 ‡ (0.18) | 0.39 (0.23) | 0.32 (0.32) | −0.09 (0.21) |
Model 2 | ||||
Screen-based SB | −0.61 † (0.21) | −0.38 * (0.17) | −1.50 ‡ (0.32) | −0.89 ‡ (0.21) |
Study-based SB | 0.11 (0.12) | −0.02 (0.14) | 0.58 * (0.23) | 0.64 † (0.23) |
Other SB | 0.47 † (0.16) | 0.15 (0.16) | 0.25 (0.32) | −0.08 (0.21) |
Model 3 | ||||
Screen-based SB | −0.46 * (0.20) | −0.22 (0.17) | −1.19 ‡ (0.28) | −0.82 ‡ (0.19) |
Study-based SB | 0.12 (0.12) | −0.05 (0.14) | 0.67 † (0.20) | 0.77 ‡ (0.22) |
Other SB | 0.38 * (0.16) | 0.21 (0.15) | 0.18 (0.28) | −0.09 (0.20) |
Models # | Physical Fitness | Academic Performance | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Girls β (SE) | Boys β (SE) | Girls β (SE) | Boys β (SE) | |
Model 1 | ||||
Total SB | 0.25 (0.25) | −0.14 (0.25) | 1.63 ‡ (0.48) | 0.36 (0.37) |
Weekday/weekend | 2.24 (3.45) | −2.46 (3.62) | 18.21 † (6.18) | 5.71 (4.87) |
Weekday/weekend × Total SB | −0.12 (0.17) | 0.13 (0.16) | −1.11 ‡ (0.33) | −0.31(0.22) |
Model 2 | ||||
Weekday SB | 0.20 (0.12) | 0.01 (0.13) | 0.70 † (0.21) | 0.23 (0.20) |
Weekend SB | −0.01 (0.16) | −0.03 (0.19) | −0.83 † (0.27) | −0.56*(0.26) |
Model 3 | ||||
Screen-based SB | ||||
Weekday | −0.85 (0.56) | 0.10 (0.45) | −0.23 (0.78) | −0.60(0.51) |
Weekend | −0.36 (0.25) | −0.37 (0.29) | −1.43 ‡ (0.36) | −0.99†(0.36) |
Study-based SB | ||||
Weekday | 0.16 (0.15) | −0.07 (0.19) | 0.50 (0.26) | 0.99 †(0.32) |
Weekend | 0.02 (0.31) | 0.06 (0.36) | 1.23 * (0.60) | 0.33 (0.57) |
Other SB | ||||
Weekday | 0.30 (0.32) | 0.11 (0.22) | 0.53 (0.55) | −0.16(0.26) |
Weekend | 0.44 (0.30) | 0.38 (0.32) | −0.10 (0.62) | 0.17 (0.49) |
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Share and Cite
Huang, X.; Zeng, N.; Ye, S. Associations of Sedentary Behavior with Physical Fitness and Academic Performance among Chinese Students Aged 8–19 Years. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4494. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224494
Huang X, Zeng N, Ye S. Associations of Sedentary Behavior with Physical Fitness and Academic Performance among Chinese Students Aged 8–19 Years. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(22):4494. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224494
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Xin, Nan Zeng, and Sunyue Ye. 2019. "Associations of Sedentary Behavior with Physical Fitness and Academic Performance among Chinese Students Aged 8–19 Years" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22: 4494. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224494