Risk Analysis and Extension Assessment for the Stability of Surrounding Rock in Deep Coal Roadway
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Evaluation Index System for Stability of Surrounding Rock of Deep Roadway
2.1. Identification of Risk Factors for Stability of Surrounding Rock in Deep Roadways
2.1.1. Environment and Equipment Factors
2.1.2. Human Factors
2.1.3. Organizational Management Factors
2.2. Indices and the Related Explanations
3. Stability Evaluation Model of Surrounding Rock in Deep Mine Roadway
3.1. Extension Evaluation Principle
3.2. Establishment of Evaluation Model
3.2.1. Determination of the Classic Domain
3.2.2. Determination of the Classic Domain Element
3.2.3. Selecting the Object to Be Evaluated
3.2.4. Determine the Relevance of Each Evaluation Indicator
3.2.5. Determination of the Evaluation Level
4. Extension Evaluation of E-Zhuang Coal Mine
4.1. Overview of E-Zhuang Coal Mine
4.2. Calculation of Weights
4.3. Extension Safety Evaluation of E-Zhuang Coal Mine
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Name | Rock | Thickness/m | Rock Characteristics |
---|---|---|---|
Main roof | Medium grained sandstone | 20 | Gray–white; its main ingredient is quartz, followed by feldspar; calcareous cementation, dense and hard, not easy to fall |
Immediate roof | Fine sandstone and siltstone | 5 | Light gray; its main ingredient is quartz, followed by feldspar; calcareous cementation, relatively hard and easy to fall; the compressive strengths Rc = 62.0 MPa; joint crack spacing I = 0.5 m; layered thickness h = 0.2 m |
False roof | Carbonaceous mudstone | 0–0.5 | Lamellar; firmness coefficient f = 3 |
Coal seam | 4# coal | 1.6 | Relatively stable thickness |
Immediate floor | Mudstone | 2.0 | Light gray; silty sand; no bedding; relatively hard; not easy to deform; allowable pressure ratio 26.5 MPa, the compressive strengths Rc = 39.27 MPa |
Name of Roadway | Roadway Shape | Height of Roadway/m | Roadway Section Area/m2 |
---|---|---|---|
2409 working face transportation trough | trapezium | 2.25 | 7.5 |
Source of Risk | Frequency | Risk | Prevention Difficulty | Sphere of Influence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Compression strength of surrounding rock | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Rock quality designation (RQD) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Support equipment | 3 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
Roof conditions | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 |
Hydrogeological conditions | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
The roadway’s size and shape | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
The depth of excavation | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Exploitation influence of workings nearby | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Staff safety awareness | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
length of service | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Personal protection | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Emergency self-rescue ability | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
Staff certification | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1 |
Related rules and regulations | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
Safety education and training | 3 | 2 | 4 | 0 |
Security management organization | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Emergency rescue plan | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Safety technical measures | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
Source of Risk | Frequency of Occurrence | Risk | Prevention Difficulty | Sphere of Influence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Compression strength of surrounding rock | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.500 | 0.667 |
Rock quality designation (RQD) | 0.667 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.667 |
Support equipment | 0.400 | 1.000 | 0.333 | 1.000 |
Roof conditions | 0.400 | 0.667 | 0.333 | 0.500 |
Hydrogeological conditions | 0.667 | 1.000 | 0.667 | 1.000 |
The roadway’s size and shape | 0.500 | 0.667 | 0.500 | 1.000 |
The depth of excavation | 0.400 | 0.667 | 0.500 | 0.667 |
Exploitation influence of workings nearby | 0.500 | 1.000 | 0.667 | 1.000 |
Staff safety awareness | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.667 | 1.000 |
length of service | 0.667 | 1.000 | 0.500 | 1.000 |
Personal protection | 0.400 | 1.000 | 0.500 | 1.000 |
Emergency self-rescue ability | 0.333 | 1.000 | 0.333 | 1.000 |
Staff certification | 0.333 | 1.000 | 0.333 | 0.667 |
Related rules and regulations | 0.400 | 0.667 | 0.500 | 0.500 |
Safety education and training | 0.400 | 0.500 | 0.333 | 1.000 |
Security management organization | 0.667 | 1.000 | 0.667 | 1.000 |
Emergency rescue plan | 0.500 | 0.667 | 0.400 | 0.667 |
Safety technical measures | 0.500 | 0.667 | 0.500 | 0.667 |
Source of Risk | Correlation Sequence (a) |
---|---|
Compression strength of surrounding rock | 0.6334 |
Rock quality designation (RQD) | 0.6668 |
Support equipment | 0.5466 |
Roof conditions | 0.3800 |
Hydrogeological conditions | 0.6668 |
The roadway’s size and shape | 0.5334 |
The depth of excavation | 0.4468 |
Exploitation influence of workings nearby | 0.6334 |
Staff safety awareness | 0.8251 |
length of service | 0.7126 |
Personal protection | 0.6525 |
Emergency self-rescue ability | 0.5999 |
Staff certification | 0.5249 |
Related rules and regulations | 0.3101 |
Safety education and training | 0.3350 |
Security management organization | 0.5001 |
Emergency rescue plan | 0.3351 |
Safety technical measures | 0.3501 |
Evaluation Feature | Grading standards | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Safe (A) | Generally Safe (B) | Riskier (C) | Dangerous (D) | |
Compression strength of surrounding rock | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Rock quality designation (RQD) | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Support equipment | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Roof conditions | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Hydrogeological conditions | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
The roadway’s size and shape | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
The depth of excavation | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Exploitation influence of workings nearby | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Staff safety awareness | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
length of service | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Personal protection | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Emergency self-rescue ability | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Staff certification | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Related rules and regulations | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Safety education and training | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Security management organization | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Emergency rescue plan | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Safety technical measures | [90, 100) | [80, 90) | [70, 80) | [0, 70) |
Evaluation Feature | Score |
---|---|
Compression strength of surrounding rock | 95 |
Rock quality designation (RQD) | 95 |
Support equipment | 95 |
Roof conditions | 85 |
Hydrogeological conditions | 95 |
The roadway’s size and shape | 85 |
The depth of excavation | 85 |
Exploitation influence of workings nearby | 95 |
Staff safety awareness | 85 |
length of service | 85 |
Personal protection | 85 |
Emergency self-rescue ability | 85 |
Staff certification | 95 |
Related rules and regulations | 85 |
Safety education and training | 75 |
Security management organization | 85 |
Emergency rescue plan | 85 |
Safety technical measures | 95 |
Evaluation Project | K(A) | K(B) | K(C) | K(D) | Weight Coefficient |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
U11 | 0.0500 | −0.0500 | −0.1364 | −0.2083 | 0.6334 |
U12 | 0.0500 | −0.0500 | −0.1364 | −0.2083 | 0.6668 |
U13 | 0.0500 | -0.0500 | −0.1364 | −0.2083 | 0.5466 |
U14 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.3800 |
U15 | 0.0500 | −0.0500 | −0.1364 | −0.2083 | 0.6668 |
U16 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.5334 |
U17 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.4468 |
U18 | 0.0500 | −0.0500 | −0.1364 | −0.2083 | 0.6334 |
U21 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.8251 |
U22 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.7126 |
U23 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.6525 |
U24 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.5999 |
U25 | 0.0500 | −0.0500 | −0.1364 | −0.2083 | 0.5249 |
U31 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.3101 |
U32 | −0.1667 | −0.0625 | 0.0625 | −0.0625 | 0.3350 |
U33 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.5001 |
U34 | −0.0556 | 0.0556 | −0.0556 | −0.1500 | 0.3351 |
U35 | 0.0500 | −0.0500 | −0.1364 | −0.2083 | 0.3501 |
KA(U) | KB(U) | KC(U) | KD(U) | Grade |
---|---|---|---|---|
−0.0258 | 0.0112 | −0.3305 | −0.6327 | B |
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Share and Cite
Gao, C.; Huang, D.; Chang, X.; Xi, H. Risk Analysis and Extension Assessment for the Stability of Surrounding Rock in Deep Coal Roadway. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4752. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234752
Gao C, Huang D, Chang X, Xi H. Risk Analysis and Extension Assessment for the Stability of Surrounding Rock in Deep Coal Roadway. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(23):4752. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234752
Chicago/Turabian StyleGao, Chunjing, Dongmei Huang, Xikun Chang, and Han Xi. 2019. "Risk Analysis and Extension Assessment for the Stability of Surrounding Rock in Deep Coal Roadway" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23: 4752. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234752