Combined Toxicity of Nitro-Substituted Benzenes and Zinc to Photobacterium Phosphoreum: Evaluation and QSAR Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Method
2.1. Chemicals
2.2. Bioassay
2.3. Calculation of Descriptors
2.4. Statistical Analysis of QSAR Models
2.5. Evaluation Methods of Joint Toxicity
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Single Toxicity of Nitro-Substituted Benzenes and Zn
3.2. Evaluation of Joint Toxicity of Nitro-Substituted Benzenes and Zn
3.3. QSAR Analysis of the Joint Toxicity of Nitro-Substituted Benzenes and Zn
n = 11, R2 = 0.933, SE = 0.163, F = 55.554, p < 0.001
n = 11, R2 = 0.856, SE = 0.232, F = 53.318, p < 0.001
n = 11, R2 = 0.937, SE = 0.201, F = 133.351, p < 0.001
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Compounds | Contents | No. | Compounds | Contents |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Barm lixiviating extract | 0.5 g | 4 | Na2HPO4 | 0.5 g |
2 | Peptone | 0.5 g | 5 | KH2PO4 | 0.1 g |
3 | Glycerol | 0.3 g | 6 | NaCl | 3.0 g |
No. | Compounds | CAS * | Experimental Single Toxicity and Corresponding Confidence Interval at 95% (log1/IC50)/(mol L−1) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | nitrobenzene | 98-95-3 | 3.20 (3.14–3.25) |
2 | o-dinitrobenzene | 528-29-0 | 4.33 (4.25–4.41) |
3 | m-nitrobromobenzene | 585-79-5 | 4.09 (4.02–4.16) |
4 | p-nitrobromobenzene | 586-78-7 | 4.45 (4.40–4.48) |
5 | o-nitroaniline | 88-74-7 | 3.71 (3.64–3.78) |
6 | p-nitroaniline | 100-01-6 | 4.01 (3.98–4.04) |
7 | p-nitrobenzoic acid | 62-23-7 | 3.81 (3.69–3.89) |
8 | o-nitrophenol | 88-75-5 | 3.44 (3.37–3.52) |
9 | m-nitrophenol | 554-84-7 | 3.33 (3.30–3.36) |
10 | p-nitrophenol | 100-02-7 | 4.11 (3.99–4.23) |
11 | 2,4-dinitrophenol | 51-28-5 | 4.22 (4.17–4.28) |
12 | Zn (ZnCl2) | 7646-85-7 | 5.13 (5.06–5.21) |
Mixture | Zn (IC50) | Toxicity of Nitro-Substituted Benzenes in Mixtures and CI at 95% (log1/IC50)/(mol L−1) |
---|---|---|
Zn + nitrobenzene | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 3.04 (2.98–3.08) 3.18 (3.13–3.24) 3.15 (3.08–3.23) |
Zn + o-dinitrobenzene | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 4.41 (4.34–4.48) 4.67 (4.58–4.76) 5.17 (5.07–5.31) |
Zn + m-nitrobromobenzene | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 4.08 (4.01–4.14) 4.05 (3.96–4.13) 4.20 (4.11–4.30) |
Zn + p- nitrobromobenzene | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 4.42 (4.38–4.45) 4.30 (4.25–5.36) 4.62 (4.43–4.83) |
Zn + o-nitroaniline | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 3.68 (3.61–3.74) 3.67 (3.62–3.71) 3.76 (3.69–3.86) |
Zn + p-nitroaniline | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 3.97 (3.89–4.04) 3.91 (3.87–3.93) 3.89 (3.87–3.92) |
Zn + p-nitrobenzoic acid | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 4.91 (4.80–4.99) 5.14 (5.06–5.27) 5.58 (5.46–5.73) |
Zn + o-nitrophenol | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 3.33 (3.21–3.45) 3.82 (3.64–3.96) 4.21 (4.02–4.42) |
Zn + m-nitrophenol | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 3.35 (3.26–3.47) 3.51 (3.41–3.62) 3.79 (3.68–3.95) |
Zn + p-nitrophenol | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 3.98 (4.05–4.20) 4.45 (4.33–4.51) 4.68 (4.42–4.87) |
Zn + 2,4-dinitrophenol | 0.2 0.5 0.8 | 4.32 (4.19–4.47) 4.63 (4.52–4.79) 5.38 (5.16–5.54) |
Compounds | VE2_B(p) | TIC3 | Eig06_AEA(dm) | Relative Error Values | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Er.(1) a | Er.(2) a | Er.(3) a | ||||
2,4-dinitrophenol | 0.265 | 61.487 | 1.000 | −0.024 | 0.050 | 0.007 |
p-nitrobenzoic acid | 0.249 | 59.487 | 1.000 | 0.048 | −0.054 | −0.029 |
o-nitroaniline | 0.282 | 54.000 | 0.057 | −0.037 | 0.042 | 0.062 |
o-nitrophenol | 0.284 | 54.603 | 0.203 | 0.026 | 0.042 | 0.001 |
nitrobenzene | 0.295 | 40.548 | −0.479 | 0.081 | 0.017 | 0.011 |
p-nitroaniline | 0.278 | 48.000 | 0.058 | −0.003 | −0.022 | 0.027 |
p-nitrophenol | 0.280 | 48.603 | 0.214 | −0.038 | −0.102 | −0.096 |
o-dinitrobenzene | 0.272 | 44.000 | 1.000 | 0.001 | 0.041 | 0.048 |
m-nitrophenol | 0.281 | 56.603 | −0.057 | 0.049 | 0.053 | 0.008 |
m-nitrobromobenzene | 0.275 | 51.303 | 0.181 | −0.017 | −0.022 | −0.004 |
p- nitrobromobenzene | 0.274 | 43.303 | 0.427 | −0.021 | −0.016 | −0.014 |
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Zhang, S.; Su, L.; Zhang, X.; Li, C.; Qin, W.; Zhang, D.; Liang, X.; Zhao, Y. Combined Toxicity of Nitro-Substituted Benzenes and Zinc to Photobacterium Phosphoreum: Evaluation and QSAR Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 1041. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061041
Zhang S, Su L, Zhang X, Li C, Qin W, Zhang D, Liang X, Zhao Y. Combined Toxicity of Nitro-Substituted Benzenes and Zinc to Photobacterium Phosphoreum: Evaluation and QSAR Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(6):1041. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061041
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Shengnan, Limin Su, Xujia Zhang, Chao Li, Weichao Qin, Dongmei Zhang, Xiaoxia Liang, and Yuanhui Zhao. 2019. "Combined Toxicity of Nitro-Substituted Benzenes and Zinc to Photobacterium Phosphoreum: Evaluation and QSAR Analysis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6: 1041. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061041