Early Lifestyle Interventions in People with Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Northern Colombia: The DEMOJUAN Project
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Oversight
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Randomization and Interventions
2.4. Study Measurements
2.4.1. Non-Invasive Measurements
2.4.2. Biochemical Measurements
2.5. Study Outcomes
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Intervention Groups | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Nutrition | Physical Activity | p-Values | |
(n = 246) | (n = 261) | (n = 265) | ||
mean (SD 1) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | ||
Age | 53.8 (9.1) | 52.9 (9.3) | 52.2 (8.1) | 0.105 |
% (n) | % (n) | % (n) | ||
BMI1 | 0.218 | |||
<25 kg/m2 | 15 (37) | 17 (43) | 11 (30) | |
25–30 kg/m2 | 36 (88) | 41 (106) | 44 (115) | |
>30 kg/m2 | 49 (121) | 43 (111) | 45 (119) | |
Waist circumference | 0.59 | |||
≥94 cm (men)/≥90 cm (women) | 89 (219) | 88 (229) | 86 (228) | |
>30 min physical activity/day | 13 (31) | 13 (35) | 15 (40) | 0.703 |
Daily consumption of fruits and vegetables | 23 (57) | 20 (51) | 23 (61) | 0.528 |
Anti-hypertension drug use | 46 (114) | 44 (115) | 46 (121) | 0.868 |
Family history of diabetes | 0.657 | |||
No | 29 (71) | 23 (61) | 25 (67) | |
Yes: Grandparent, uncle, aunt, or cousin | 22 (54) | 26 (67) | 23 (61) | |
Yes: Biological father, mother, or sibling | 49 (121) | 51 (132) | 52 (136) | |
Previous increased glucose in blood | 28 (69) | 30 (77) | 35 (93) | 0.187 |
Glucose metabolism | ||||
Normoglycemia | 18 (22) | 11 (15) | 13 (17) | 0.069 |
Isolated IFG | 32 (40) | 28 (57) | 23 (38) | |
Isolated IGT | 35 (44) | 41 (38) | 29 (30) | |
IFG and IGT | 15 (19) | 20 (28) | 35 (47) |
Effectively Analyzed | Control | Nutrition | Physical Activity | p-Values |
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 122) | (n = 136) | (n = 132) | ||
mean (SD 1) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | ||
Age (years) | 53.7 (8.9) | 52.3 (9.1) | 52.6 (8.2) | 0.420 |
% (n) | % (n) | % (n) | ||
BMI 1 | 0.732 | |||
<25 kg/m2 | 13 (16) | 18 (24) | 13 (17) | |
25–30 kg/m2 | 43 (52) | 40 (55) | 46 (61) | |
>30 kg/m2 | 44 (54) | 42 (57) | 41 (54) | |
Waist circumference | ||||
≥94 cm (men)/≥90 cm (women) | 90 (110) | 88 (120) | 82 (108) | 0.118 |
>30 min physical activity/day | 12 (15) | 12 (16) | 17 (22) | 0.444 |
Daily consumption of fruits and vegetables | 28 (34) | 19 (26) | 24 (32) | 0.249 |
Anti-hypertension drug use | 45 (55) | 42 (57) | 46 (60) | 0.815 |
Family history of diabetes | 0.618 | |||
No | 30 (37) | 25 (34) | 26 (35) | |
Yes: Grandparent, uncle, aunt, or cousin | 17 (21) | 25 (34) | 23 (30) | |
Yes: Biological father, mother, or sibling | 53 (64) | 50 (68) | 51 (67) | |
Previous increased glucose in blood | 27 (33) | 27 (36) | 36 (48) | 0.145 |
Glucose metabolism | <0.001 | |||
Normoglycemia | 18 (22) | 11 (15) | 13 (17) | |
Isolated IFG | 35 (43) | 27 (36) | 23 (30) | |
Isolated IGT | 31 (38) | 42 (57) | 29 (38) | |
IFG and IGT | 16 (19) | 21 (28) | 36 (47) |
Control | Nutrition | Physical Activity | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 122) | (n = 136) | (n = 132) | ||
RR 1 | (95% CI 2) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | |
Primary outcome | ||||
Reversion to normoglycemia | 1 | Ref. 3 | 0.88 (0.70–1.12) | 0.95 (0.75–1.20) |
Secondary outcome | ||||
Type 2 diabetes | 1 | Ref. | 1.38 (0.67–2.84) | 1.43 (0.70–2.93) |
Group | Control | Nutrition | Physical Activity |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 122) | (n = 136) | (n = 132) | |
% (n) | % (n) | % (n) | |
Participated in at least one group and one individual intervention session | 0 (0) | 74 (100) | 76 (100) |
Participated in at least 50% of all individual sessions | 0 (0) | 32 (43) | 46 (61) |
Participated in at least 50% of all group sessions | 0 (0) | 9 (12) | 15 (20) |
Control | Nutrition | Physical Activity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 122) | (n = 136) | (n = 132) | ||||
Mean | SD 1 | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
Fasting glucose | ||||||
Baseline | 97 | (10) | 101 | (10) | 102 | (11) |
After follow-up | 101 | (19) | 102 | (21) | 106 | (32) |
p-value for difference between baseline and follow-up = 0.644 | ||||||
2-h glucose | ||||||
Baseline | 143 | (25) | 141 | (26) | 146 | (26) |
After follow-up | 122 | (43) | 127 | (52) | 117 | (49) |
p-value for difference between baseline and follow-up <0.001 | ||||||
p-value for differences between intervention groups 0.267 | ||||||
p-value for interaction (intervention and fasting and 2-h glucose levels between baseline and after follow-up group) 0.201 |
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Barengo, N.C.; Acosta, T.; Arrieta, A.; Ricaurte, C.; Smits, D.; Florez, K.; Tuomilehto, J.O. Early Lifestyle Interventions in People with Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Northern Colombia: The DEMOJUAN Project. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 1403. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081403
Barengo NC, Acosta T, Arrieta A, Ricaurte C, Smits D, Florez K, Tuomilehto JO. Early Lifestyle Interventions in People with Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Northern Colombia: The DEMOJUAN Project. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(8):1403. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081403
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarengo, Noël C., Tania Acosta, Astrid Arrieta, Carlos Ricaurte, Dins Smits, Karen Florez, and Jaakko O. Tuomilehto. 2019. "Early Lifestyle Interventions in People with Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Northern Colombia: The DEMOJUAN Project" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 8: 1403. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081403