Influence of Risk of Drug–Drug Interactions and Time Availability on Patient Trust, Satisfaction, and Cooperation with Clinical Pharmacists
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Drug–Drug Interaction (DDI) Risk and Trust in Clinical Pharmacists
2.2. Time Availability and Trust in Clinical Pharmacists
2.3. Trust and Cooperation between Patient and Clinical Pharmacist
2.4. Trust and Satisfaction toward Clinical Pharmacists
2.5. Satisfaction and Cooperation between Patient and Clinical Pharmacist
2.6. Research Questions
- RQ1: Does the risk of drug–drug interactions (DDIs) affect patient trust in clinical pharmacists?
- RQ2: Does time availability (communication time) affect patient trust in clinical pharmacists?
- RQ3: Does patient trust affect patient satisfaction toward clinical pharmacists?
- RQ4: Does patient’ trust affect cooperation between patients and clinical pharmacists?
- RQ5: Does patient satisfaction affect cooperation between patients and clinical pharmacists?
3. Methods
3.1. Sample and Data Collection
3.2. Measures
3.3. Analytical Method
4. Results
4.1. Descriptive Statistics
4.2. Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Reliability and Validity
4.3. Structural Equation Model
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Frequency | Percent |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Female | 669 | 90.3% |
Male | 72 | 9.7% |
Age | ||
Under 20 | 6 | 0.8% |
21–30 | 111 | 15.0% |
31–40 | 363 | 49.0% |
41–50 | 222 | 30.0% |
51 or above | 39 | 5.3% |
Education | ||
High school or below | 579 | 78.1% |
College or University | 123 | 16.6% |
Graduate or above | 39 | 5.3% |
Marital status | ||
Married | 696 | 93.9% |
Not married | 45 | 6.1% |
Income | ||
Under 20,000 NT | 81 | 10.9% |
20,000–under 40,000 NT | 480 | 64.8% |
40,000 NT or above | 180 | 24.3% |
Hospitalization or not | ||
Yes | 489 | 66.0% |
No | 242 | 34.0% |
Variable | Mean | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Risk of drug–drug interactions | 4.05 | 0.58 | 0.96 | ||||
2. Time availability | 4.03 | 0.55 | 0.17 ** | 0.94 | |||
3. Patient trust | 3.72 | 0.57 | 0.25 ** | 0.38 ** | 0.92 | ||
4. Patient satisfaction | 3.81 | 0.55 | 0.50 ** | 0.48 ** | 0.48 ** | 0.93 | |
5. Patient–clinical pharmacist cooperation | 3.73 | 0.61 | 0.35 ** | 0.52 ** | 0.37 ** | 0.56 ** | 0.94 |
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Chou, Y.-C.; Dang, V.T.; Yen, H.-Y.; Lai, K.-M. Influence of Risk of Drug–Drug Interactions and Time Availability on Patient Trust, Satisfaction, and Cooperation with Clinical Pharmacists. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 1566. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091566
Chou Y-C, Dang VT, Yen H-Y, Lai K-M. Influence of Risk of Drug–Drug Interactions and Time Availability on Patient Trust, Satisfaction, and Cooperation with Clinical Pharmacists. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(9):1566. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091566
Chicago/Turabian StyleChou, Ying-Chyi, Van Thac Dang, Hsin-Yi Yen, and Kuan-Ming Lai. 2019. "Influence of Risk of Drug–Drug Interactions and Time Availability on Patient Trust, Satisfaction, and Cooperation with Clinical Pharmacists" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 9: 1566. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091566