Prevalence of Preoperative Anxiety and Its Relationship with Postoperative Pain in Foot Nail Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Setting
2.2. Sample Size Calculation
2.3. Participants
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Group | n (%) |
---|---|---|
Sex | Men | 33 (21.3%) |
Women | 122 (78.7%) | |
Age | 18 to 40 years old | 61 (39.4%) |
41 to 65 years old | 60 (38.7%) | |
More than 65 years old | 34 (21.9%) | |
Level of Schooling | None | 11 (7.1%) |
Primary (6–12 years old) | 25 (16.1%) | |
Secondary (13–16 years old) | 38 (24.5%) | |
A-levels (17–18 years old) | 16 (10.3%) | |
Vocational Training | 18 (11.6%) | |
University | 47 (30.3%) | |
Anesthetized Before | No | 24 (15.5%) |
Yes | 131 (84.5%) | |
Operated Before | No | 44 (28.4%) |
Yes | 111 (71.6%) |
Anxiety about Anesthesia Items 1 + 2 2–10 Points | Anxiety about Surgery Items 4 + 5 2–10 Points | Total Anxiety Items 1 + 2 + 4 + 5 4–20 Points | |
---|---|---|---|
Median (Interquartile Range) | Median (Interquartile Range) | Median (Interquartile Range) | |
All participants (n = 155) | 3 (3) | 4 (2) | 7 (5) |
Without anxiety (n = 120) | 2 (2) | 3 (1.75) | 7 (3) |
With anxiety (n = 35) | 7 (3) | 7 (3) | 13 (4) |
Nothing or Little 2–4 Points | Moderate 5–7 Points | High 8–10 Points | Total Score Items 3 + 6 2–10 Points | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | Median (Interquartile Range) | |
All the patients (n = 155) | 87 (56.1) | 49 (31.6) | 19 (12.3) | 4 (4) |
Without anxiety (n = 120) | 73 (60.8) | 35 (29.2) | 12 (10.0) | 4 (4) |
With anxiety (n = 35) | 14 (40.1) | 14 (40.0) | 7 (20.0) | 5 (5) |
Anxiety Items 1 + 2 + 4 + 5 | Wish for more information Items 3 + 6 | ||
---|---|---|---|
Median (Interquartile Range) | Median (Interquartile Range) | ||
Sex | Men | 7 (5) | 4 (3) |
Women | 7 (5) | 4 (2) | |
pa | 0.092 | 0.162 | |
Age | 18 to 40 years old | 9 (6) | 4 (5) |
41 to 65 years old | 7 (3) | 5 (3) | |
More than 65 years old | 5.5 (6) | 4 (3) | |
pb | 0.001 ** | 0.097 | |
Level of schooling | None | 5 (10) | 3 (4) |
Primary (6–12 years old) | 8 (6) | 5 (3) | |
Secondary (13–16 years old) | 7 (6) | 3 (2) | |
A-levels (17–18 years old) | 6 (3) | 4 (3) | |
Vocational T. | 9 (6) | 6 (3) | |
University | 8 (3) | 5 (5) | |
pk | 0.259 | 0.003 * | |
Anesthetized before | No | 6 (4) | 3.5 (5) |
Yes | 8 (5) | 4 (4) | |
pa | 0.314 | 0.324 | |
Operated before | No | 7 (4) | 4 (4) |
Yes | 7 (6) | 4 (4) | |
pa | 0.734 | 0.317 |
Anxiety APAIS 1 + 2 + 4 + 5 | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|
Pain | n (%) | Median (Interquartile Range) | |
Nothing to mild (NRS ≤ 3) | 89/155 (57.4%) | 7 (4) | <0.001 |
Moderate to severe (NRS ≥ 4) | 66/155 (42.6%) | 9 (7) |
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Navarro-Gastón, D.; Munuera-Martínez, P.V. Prevalence of Preoperative Anxiety and Its Relationship with Postoperative Pain in Foot Nail Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 4481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124481
Navarro-Gastón D, Munuera-Martínez PV. Prevalence of Preoperative Anxiety and Its Relationship with Postoperative Pain in Foot Nail Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(12):4481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124481
Chicago/Turabian StyleNavarro-Gastón, Daniel, and Pedro V. Munuera-Martínez. 2020. "Prevalence of Preoperative Anxiety and Its Relationship with Postoperative Pain in Foot Nail Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12: 4481. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124481