The Office Work and Stretch Training (OST) Study: An Individualized and Standardized Approach to Improve the Quality of Life in Office Workers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Subjects
2.2. Intervention Program
2.3. Short Form 36
2.4. Measurement Protocol
2.5. Statistical Analysis
2.6. Ethics Approval
3. Results
3.1. Comparison of SF-36 Baseline Data
3.2. Examiation of the Effectiveness of the Intervention
3.3. Analysis for Gender Effects
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
SD | standard deviation |
QoL | quality of life |
MSD | musculoskeletal disorders |
WHPPs | workplace health promotion programs |
IG | intervention group |
CG | control group |
PF | physical functioning |
RP | role limitations due to physical problems |
BP | bodily pain |
GH | general health perceptions |
VT | vitality |
SF | social functioning |
RE | role limitations due to emotional problems |
MH | mental health |
PSC | physical sum score |
MSC | mental sum score |
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Entire Sample [Mean (SD) or %] | Intervention Group [Mean (SD) or %] | Control Group [Mean (SD) or %] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | ||||
Initial participants | n = 313 | n = 172 | n = 137 | n = 216 | n = 135 | n = 78 | n = 97 | n = 38 | n = 59 |
Dropouts | n = 60 | n = 35 | n = 22 | n = 58 | n = 33 | n = 22 | n = 2 | n = 2 | n = 0 |
Final participants | n = 253 | n = 138 | n = 115 | n = 158 | n = 102 | n = 56 | n = 95 | n = 36 | n = 59 |
Age (years) ** | 43.37 (11.24) | 46.74 (10.21) | 39.32 (11.11) | 44.94 (10.56) | 47.42 (9.52) | 40.33 (10.84) | 40.83 (11.92) | 44.86 (11.86) | 38.37 (11.37) |
Height (cm) | 175.37 (9.35) | 180.34 (7.18) | 169.41 (8.10) | 176.21 (8.76) | 180.78 (6.24) | 167.89 (6.21) | 173.98 (10.15) | 179.11 (9.36) | 170.85 (9.38) |
Weight (kg) *** | 75.76 (15.23) | 82.90 (13.51) | 67.12 (12.52) | 78.15 (15.02) | 83.83 (13.19) | 67.43 (12.49) | 71.97 (14.74) | 80.25 (14.23) | 66.83 (12.64) |
BMI (kg/m2) ** | 24.50 (3.81) | 25.45 (3.64) | 23.35 (3.71) | 25.03 (3.97) | 25.64 (3.74) | 23.90 (4.18) | 23.61 (3.35) | 24.89 (3.34) | 22.81 (3.13) |
Handedness (% right) | 94.90 | 94.20 | 95.70 | 93.70 | 94.10 | 92.90 | 96.80 | 94.20 | 98.30 |
Doing sports (% yes) | 72.70 | 72.50 | 73.00 | 70.90 | 70.60 | 71.40 | 75.80 | 77.80 | 74.60 |
Smoking (% non-smoker) | 88.90 | 90.60 | 87.00 | 89.90 | 92.20 | 85.70 | 96.80 | 86.10 | 88.10 |
h/sports/week *** | 3.13 (3.01) | 3.2 (3.17) | 3.04 (2.80) | 2.77 (3.17) | 2.97 (3.29) | 2.41 (2.92) | 3.96 (2.45) | 4.04 (2.56) | 3.90 (2.40) |
IG-CG | IG-Norm Sample | CG-Norm Sample | |
---|---|---|---|
PF | < 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.001 |
RP | > 0.05 | > 0.05 | 0.023 |
BP | 0.049 | < 0.000 | > 0.05 |
GH | > 0.05 | > 0.05 | 0.039 |
PSC | 0.021 | 0.021 | > 0.05 |
Intervention Group | Control Group | Intervention–Control Study | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||||||||
Pre | Post | p Value a | Effect Size r b | Pre | Post | p Value a | Effect Size r b | diff. IG | diff. CG | p Value c | Effect Size r b | |
PF | 91.52 (10.38) | 93.97 (10.17) | <0.001 | 0.26 | 96.51 (6.92) | 97.22 (6.79) | 0.056 | 0.19 | 2.45 (8.09) | 0.70 (5.18) | <0.001 | 0.21 |
RP | 91.88 (21.97) | 95.89 (14.07) | 0.030 | 0.12 | 94.15 (18.85) | 97.19 (11.51) | 0.053 | 0.01 | 3.98 (23.09) | 3.28 (17.29) | >0.2 | 0.01 |
BP | 77.15 (21.97) | 81.13 (19.62) | 0.013 | 0.14 | 83.68 (20.61) | 81.76 (17.98) | >0.2 | 0.15 | 4.04 (18.69) | −1.93 (18.55) | 0.01 | 0.16 |
GH | 74.30 (14.88) | 76.47 (14.04) | 0.053 | 0.11 | 77.61 (15.35) | 77.67 (13.41) | >0.2 | 0.08 | 2.17 (12.08) | 0.02 (12.24) | 0.154 | 0.09 |
VT | 62.86 (15.77) | 66.10 (14.67) | <0.001 | 0.19 | 63.74 (17.91) | 63.96 (16.45) | >0.2 | 0.13 | 3.24 (11.88) | 0.23 (13.94) | 0.025 | 0.14 |
SF | 89.56 (15.32) | 93.75 (12.03) | <0.001 | 0.22 | 91.13 (14.70) | 92.63 (13.08) | >0.2 | 0.10 | 4.19 (13.21) | 1.34 (14.57) | 0.080 | 0.11 |
RE | 92.99 (19.26) | 94.30 (19.25) | >0.2 | 0.04 | 95.44 (16.57) | 92.28 (21.44) | 0.090 | 0.13 | 1.27 (22.61) | −3.16 (19.49) | 0.018 | 0.15 |
MH | 76.80 (12.39) | 80.01 (11.85) | <0.001 | 0.23 | 78.02 (14.34) | 78.75 (13.27) | >0.2 | 0.14 | 3.21 (10.27) | 0.72 (10.70) | 0.012 | 0.16 |
PSC | 52.06 (6.19) | 53.22 (5.46) | 0.009 | 0.15 | 54.11 (5.24) | 54.42 (4.18) | >0.2 | 0.09 | 1.20 (5.24) | 0.33 (4.64) | 0.103 | 0.10 |
MSC | 51.84 (6.84) | 53.22 (6.62) | <0.001 | 0.20 | 52.00 (7.37) | 51.75 (7.32) | >0.2 | 0.15 | 1.37 (5.86) | −0.13 (5.59) | 0.008 | 0.17 |
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Holzgreve, F.; Maltry, L.; Hänel, J.; Schmidt, H.; Bader, A.; Frei, M.; Filmann, N.; Groneberg, D.A.; Ohlendorf, D.; van Mark, A. The Office Work and Stretch Training (OST) Study: An Individualized and Standardized Approach to Improve the Quality of Life in Office Workers. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 4522. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124522
Holzgreve F, Maltry L, Hänel J, Schmidt H, Bader A, Frei M, Filmann N, Groneberg DA, Ohlendorf D, van Mark A. The Office Work and Stretch Training (OST) Study: An Individualized and Standardized Approach to Improve the Quality of Life in Office Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(12):4522. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124522
Chicago/Turabian StyleHolzgreve, Fabian, Laura Maltry, Jasmin Hänel, Helmut Schmidt, Andreas Bader, Markus Frei, Natalie Filmann, David Alexander Groneberg, Daniela Ohlendorf, and Anke van Mark. 2020. "The Office Work and Stretch Training (OST) Study: An Individualized and Standardized Approach to Improve the Quality of Life in Office Workers" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12: 4522. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124522