The Influence of Racial Differences in the Demand for Healthcare in South Africa: A Case of Public Healthcare
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Theoretical Background
2.2. Empirical Literature Review
2.2.1. Public Health and Race
2.2.2. Public Health and Gender
2.2.3. Public Health and Age
2.2.4. Public Health and Household Size
2.2.5. Public Health and Homeownership
3. Research Methodology and Data Description
3.1. Dependent Variable
3.2. Independent Variables
3.3. Empirical Model: The Logit Model
4. Results and Discussion
Regression Results
5. Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
Limitations of the Study
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Access to Private Healthcare through Health Insurance | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Black African | Coloured | Indian/Asian | White | South Africa |
9.9% | 17.1% | 52% | 72.9% | 16.4% |
Race | Count out of 20,908 | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Blacks African | 17,361 | 80.9% |
Coloured | 1659 | 7.1% |
Indian | 391 | 2.4% |
White | 1497 | 9.5% |
Study’s Gender Distribution | ||
---|---|---|
Gender | Frequency | Percentage |
Male-headed households | 11,948 | 58.4% |
Female-headed households | 8960 | 41.6% |
Total | 20,908 | 100% |
Use of healthcare facilities | ||
Public healthcare | 15,716 | 75% |
Private healthcare | 4971 | 24% |
Traditional healthcare | 166 | 0.8% |
Missing | 55 | 0.2% |
Total | 20,908 | 100 |
Variable | B | S.E | Wald | Df | Sig. | Exp(B) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Race | 2025.8 | 3 | 0 | |||
Coloured | −0.846 | 0.059 | 208.759 | 1 | 0 | 0.429 |
Indian | −2.127 | 0.11 | 370.972 | 1 | 0 | 0.119 |
White | −3.297 | 0.081 | 1658.103 | 1 | 0 | 0.037 |
Age of household | 0.003 | 0.001 | 6.617 | 1 | 0 | 1.003 |
Household size | 0.104 | 0.009 | 120.774 | 1 | 0 | 1.109 |
House ownership | −0.358 | 0.04 | 78.567 | 1 | 0 | 0.699 |
Gender/female | 0.494 | 0.039 | 159.909 | 1 | 0 | 1.639 |
Constant | 1.006 | 0.075 | 179.677 | 1 | 0 | 2.734 |
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Mhlanga, D.; Garidzirai, R. The Influence of Racial Differences in the Demand for Healthcare in South Africa: A Case of Public Healthcare. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 5043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145043
Mhlanga D, Garidzirai R. The Influence of Racial Differences in the Demand for Healthcare in South Africa: A Case of Public Healthcare. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(14):5043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145043
Chicago/Turabian StyleMhlanga, David, and Rufaro Garidzirai. 2020. "The Influence of Racial Differences in the Demand for Healthcare in South Africa: A Case of Public Healthcare" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14: 5043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145043