Enhanced N2O Production Induced by Soil Salinity at a Specific Range
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Soil Description
2.2. Experimental Design
2.3. Gas Sampling and Flux Calculation
2.4. Soil Sampling and Chemical Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Soil Inorganic N dynamics
3.2. Nitrous Oxide Emissions
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Soil Parameters | S1 (Desalted Soil) | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 (Saline Soil) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sand (%) | 23.12 ± 0.06 | 23.02 ± 0.07 | 22.97±0.08 | 22.87 ± 0.06 | 22.84 ± 0.19 | 22.67 ± 0.11 |
Silt (%) | 62.32 ± 0.28 | 63.24 ± 0.79 | 63.01 ± 0.57 | 64.94 ± 0.65 | 64.98 ± 0.95 | 65.25 ± 0.73 |
Clay (%) | 14.57 ± 0.23 | 13.74 ± 0.72 | 14.02 ± 0.52 | 12.19 ± 0.61 | 12.18 ± 0.12 | 12.08 ± 0.65 |
Bulk density (g cm−3) | 1.34 ± 0.09 | 1.35 ± 0.12 | ||||
Initial gravimetric moisture (%) | 19.23 ± 1.06 | 16.18 ± 1.51 | ||||
Field capacity (gravimetric, %) | 24.08 ± 0.25 | 24.05 ± 0.18 | ||||
EC1:5 (dS m−1) | 0.25 ± 0.03 | 1.01 ± 0.08 | 2.02 ± 0.13 | 3.21 ± 0.16 | 4.92 ± 0.26 | 6.17 ± 0.49 |
pH | 7.66 ± 0.03 | 7.71 ± 0.05 | 7.69 ± 0.05 | 7.75 ± 0.02 | 7.78 ± 0.06 | 7.83 ± 0.11 |
Total C (g kg−1) | 3.54 ± 0.26 | 3.52 ± 0.28 | 3.01 ± 0.30 | 2.88 ± 0.17 | 2.74 ± 0.11 | 2.41 ± 0.23 |
Total N (mg kg−1) | 350.3 ± 23.4 | 303.4 ± 18.8 | 310.7 ± 25.1 | 254.3 ± 16.3 | 212.4 ± 20.3 | 213.2 ± 15.4 |
NH4+–N (mg kg−1) | 42.52 ± 3.51 | 40.12 ± 2.84 | 38.53 ± 3.02 | 30.23 ± 1.09 | 28.41 ± 3.01 | 25.38 ± 1.12 |
NO3−–N (mg kg−1) | 3.46 ± 0.09 | 3.86 ± 0.12 | 3.67 ± 0.21 | 3.82 ± 0.20 | 3.94 ± 0.19 | 4.07 ± 0.27 |
NO2−–N (mg kg−1) | 0.27 ± 0.02 | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 0.35 ± 0.03 | 0.53 ± 0.02 | 0.59 ± 0.05 | 0.75 ± 0.05 |
Soil microbial biomass (mg C kg−1) | 153.2 ± 8.4 | 149.3 ± 5.3 | 150.6 ± 5.6 | 138.3 ± 6.6 | 113.4 ± 4.9 | 98.5 ± 6.3 |
Factor | NH4+-N Consumption | NO2−-N Accumulation | NO3−-N Accumulation | N2O Emissions | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | p-Value | F | p-Value | F | p-Value | F | p-Value | |
Moisture | 161.0 | <0.001 | 347.3 | <0.001 | 102.0 | <0.001 | 511.2 | <0.001 |
Salinity | 318.5 | <0.001 | 523.2 | <0.001 | 403.0 | <0.001 | 84.8 | <0.001 |
Moisture × Salinity | 10.3 | <0.001 | 49.4 | <0.001 | 17.4 | <0.001 | 54.0 | <0.001 |
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Li, Y.; Xu, J.; Liu, B.; Wang, H.; Qi, Z.; Wei, Q.; Liao, L.; Liu, S. Enhanced N2O Production Induced by Soil Salinity at a Specific Range. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 5169. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145169
Li Y, Xu J, Liu B, Wang H, Qi Z, Wei Q, Liao L, Liu S. Enhanced N2O Production Induced by Soil Salinity at a Specific Range. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(14):5169. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145169
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Yawei, Junzeng Xu, Boyi Liu, Haiyu Wang, Zhiming Qi, Qi Wei, Linxian Liao, and Shimeng Liu. 2020. "Enhanced N2O Production Induced by Soil Salinity at a Specific Range" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14: 5169. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145169